Abstract

RODRIGUEZ SOTO, Gilberto; PINEDO-TACO, Rember  and  CULQUI GASLAC, Cristian. Fertilization dose and sowing density in advanced clones of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.). RIIARn [online]. 2023, vol.10, n.1, pp.7-14. ISSN 2409-1618.  https://doi.org/10.53287/aqwb5429it60e.

The sweetpotato crop provides food security because it is produced satisfactorily in marginal soils; however, the use of quality seed cuttings, fertilization and adequate planting density can increase yields and commercial quality. The objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of sowing density and fertilization dose on the yield of reservoir roots of three advanced sweetpotato clones under conditions of the district of San Vicente de Cañete, Lima, Peru. The study was conducted under a randomized complete block design in a 3x2x2 factorial arrangement, with four replications. The agronomic performance of three sweetpotato clones (C1 = orange, C2 = yellow and C3 = purple), two planting densities (D1 = 33 333 and D2 = 50 000 plants ha-1) and two fertilizer doses (F1 = 60-40- 100 NPK and F2 = 80-60-120 NPK) were evaluated. The variables evaluated were total and marketable yield, dry matter and harvest index. The results indicate the absence of combined effect, the factors under study acted independently, treatment C1F1D2 (orange clone + fertilization dose 60-40-100 NPK + 33 333 plants ha-1) presented the highest total yield, 186.72 % higher than treatment C2F1D2 (26.58 t ha-1; p>0.05). The C1, independent of fertilization doses and sowing density, had the highest yield (64.87 t ha-1; p<0.05). It is concluded that the three clones (C1>C2>C3) exceed the national average yield and are emerging as promising new varieties to replace the varieties that have decreased their yield in recent years. The higher the plant density, the lower the yield due to greater intraspecific competition for resources; also, average doses of fertilization (D1) supplemented with organic matter cover the nutritional requirements of the crop.

Keywords : sowing density; harvest index; Ipomoea batatas; mineral nutrition; storage root.

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