<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2664-0902</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Alfa Revista de Investigación en Ciencias Agronómicas y Veterinaria]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Inv. Cs. Agro. y Vet.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2664-0902</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CET-BOLIVIA]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2664-09022024000300939</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33996/revistaalfa.v8i24.315</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Validez y confiabilidad de la escala de actitud ambiental hacia los residuos sólidos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Validity and reliability of the environmental attitude scale towards solid waste]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Validade e confiabilidade da escala de atitude ambiental em relação aos resíduos sólidos]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ayuque-Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jose Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yaulilahua-Huacho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Russbelt]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ccente-Chancha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edwin Javier]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutierrez-Deza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ligia Isaida Rosaura]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ordoñez-Santoyo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Magda Mirella]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodas-Ccopa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Herbert]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Andahuaylas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Andahuaylas ]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Huancavelica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Huancavelica ]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Huancavelica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Huancavelica ]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Lima  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lima ]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>24</numero>
<fpage>939</fpage>
<lpage>955</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2664-09022024000300939&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2664-09022024000300939&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2664-09022024000300939&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La validez y la confiabilidad de los instrumentos para la recolección de los datos son conceptos esenciales en la investigación, especialmente en el ámbito de la investigación cuantitativa, ya que son fundamentales para evaluar la calidad y precisión de los estudios. En este sentido, el objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar la validez y confiabilidad de la Escala de Actitud Ambiental hacia los Residuos Sólidos. Se aplicó un cuestionario de 30 ítems en una escala Likert de cinco puntos, cuyos resultados fueron analizados por cuatro expertos. Los hallazgos indicaron que todos los ítems son válidos, con medias superiores al 60%, y una confiabilidad alta, evidenciada por un alfa de Cronbach de 0.946 y un Omega de McDonald de 0.947. La correlación ítem-resto también fue significativa, destacando que la mayoría de los ítems contribuyen efectivamente al constructo medido. Estos resultados subrayan la utilidad del instrumento para medir actitudes ambientales, garantizando su validez y confiabilidad, lo que es esencial para futuras investigaciones en el área de gestión de residuos sólidos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The validity and reliability of instruments for data collection are essential concepts in research, especially in the field of quantitative research, as they are fundamental for evaluating the quality and accuracy of studies. In this sense, the objective of the research was to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Environmental Attitude Scale towards Solid Waste. A questionnaire consisting of 30 items was applied using a five-point Likert scale, and the results were analyzed by four experts. The findings indicated that all items are valid, with means above 60%, and a high reliability, evidenced by a Cronbach's alpha of 0.946 and a McDonald's omega of 0.947. The item-rest correlation was also significant, highlighting that most items effectively contribute to the measured construct. These results underscore the utility of the instrument for measuring environmental attitudes, ensuring its validity and reliability, which is essential for future research in solid waste management.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[RESUMO A validade e a confiabilidade dos instrumentos para coleta de dados são conceitos essenciais na pesquisa, especialmente no campo da pesquisa quantitativa, pois são fundamentais para avaliar a qualidade e precisão dos estudos. Nesse sentido, o objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar a validade e confiabilidade da Escala de Atitude Ambiental em relação aos Resíduos Sólidos. Um questionário composto por 30 itens foi aplicado utilizando uma escala Likert de cinco pontos, e os resultados foram analisados por quatro especialistas. Os achados indicaram que todos os itens são válidos, com médias acima de 60%, e uma alta confiabilidade, evidenciada por um alfa de Cronbach de 0,946 e um ômega de McDonald de 0,947. A correlação item-rest também foi significativa, destacando que a maioria dos itens contribui efetivamente para o construto medido. Esses resultados sublinham a utilidade do instrumento para medir atitudes ambientais, garantindo sua validade e confiabilidade, o que é essencial para futuras pesquisas em gestão de resíduos sólidos.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Actitud Ambiental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Alfa de Cronbach]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Confiabilidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Omega de McDonald]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Validez]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cronbach's Alpha]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Environmental Attitude]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Reliability]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[McDonald's Omega]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Validity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Atitude Ambiental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Alfa de Cronbach]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Confiabilidade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Ômega de McDonald]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Validade]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Creswell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Creswell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. 5th edition. Los Angeles London New Delhi Singapore Washington DC Melbourne: SAGE Publications, Inc;]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<page-range>304</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polit]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. Nursing research: principles and methods]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[7th ed.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>75</volume>
<page-range>8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lynn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Determination and quantification of content validity.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nurs Res]]></source>
<year>1986</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>382-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tavakol]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dennick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Making sense of Cronbach&#8217;s alpha.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Med Educ]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>53-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McDonald]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Test Theory: A Unified Treatment. 1st edition. Mahwah, N.J: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<page-range>498</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carmona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Validación de cuestionarios.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Reumatol Clínica]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>171-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Validación de cuestionarios para la medición de variables en salud: conceptos fundamentales.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[MEDWAVE]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[elmundodelosdatos]]></surname>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Distribución t de Student: Funcionamiento, propiedades y aplicaciones en estadística.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[El mundo de los datos]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lalinde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sobre el uso adecuado del coeficiente de correlación de Pearson: definición, propiedades y suposiciones.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Venez Farmacol Ter]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>578-601</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DeVellis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Scale development: theory and applications. Fourth edition. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc; 2016. 280 p. (Applied social research methods series)]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dunn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baguley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brunsden]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[From alpha to omega: a practical solution to the pervasive problem of internal consistency estimation.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Br J Psychol Lond Engl]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>105</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>399-412</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zinbarg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Revelle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yovel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cronbach&#8217;s, &#945; Revelle&#8217;s &#946; and McDonald&#8217;s &#969; H: Their relations with each other and two alternative conceptualizations of reliability.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychometrika]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>70</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>123-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Manzanal R, Heredia A, Barreiro L, Albero C</collab>
<source><![CDATA[¿Qué miden las escalas de actitudes? Análisis de un ejemplo para conocer la actitud hacia los residuos urbanos: Ecosistemas]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domínguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paredes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Actitud hacia la gestión de residuos sólidos domiciliarios en estudiantes de una universidad privada.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Inst Investig Fac Minas Met Cienc Geogr]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>47</numero>
<issue>47</issue>
<page-range>63-73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chavez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valencia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. Aplicación de una guía de educación ambiental sobre residuos sólidos para mejorar la actitud ambiental de los estudiantes del primer grado de primaria de la Institución Educativa &#8221;Pedro Labarthe&#8221; de La Victoria]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Lima - 2012.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Universidad César Vallejo]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Unchupaico]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Actitud y comportamiento hacia la clasificación y reciclaje de residuos sólidos en estudiantes de ingeniería de una universidad agrícola.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Zamorano: Escuela Agrícola Panamericana]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Urquiza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gálvez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Validación de instrumentos como garantía de la credibilidad en las investigaciones científicas.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Cuba Med Mil]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<page-range>8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pizarro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eymann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rubinstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Belziti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Figari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blanco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O,]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Validación de un instrumento para la evaluación de la interpretación de los resultados de estudios de investigación en los residentes de un hospital universitario.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educ Med]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>171-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Velarde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres-Ramos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Análisis psicométricos de ítems de una prueba diagnóstico sobre estadística descriptiva utilizando el modelo de Rasch.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Digit Matemática Educ e Internet]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>1-16</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
