<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2959-6513</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Tribunal]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Tribunal]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2959-6513</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Privada Domingo Savio]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2959-65132025000400495</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.59659/revistatribunal.v5i13.283</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Pedagogía crítica: Un desafío a la enseñanza de la educación superior]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Critical pedagogy: A challenge to higher education teaching]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Pedagogia crítica: Um desafio para o ensino superior]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alcántara Infantes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[William Federico]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lozano Lozano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marile]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mescua Figueroa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Augusto César]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez Figueroa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge José]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chavez Taipe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ysabel Victoria]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Cesar Vallejo  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lima ]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>13</numero>
<fpage>495</fpage>
<lpage>512</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2959-65132025000400495&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2959-65132025000400495&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2959-65132025000400495&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La pedagogía crítica cuestiona el sistema educativo actual al poner en duda su contribución real a la democracia, la justicia social y la equidad ideológica, promoviendo una educación orientada a la formación de personas libres y reflexivas. Este estudio tuvo como propósito recopilar investigaciones sobre la enseñanza universitaria desde la perspectiva de la pedagogía crítica y describir su nivel de desarrollo en estudiantes de posgrado de una universidad privada. Se empleó una metodología descriptiva de tipo básica, basada en la revisión de literatura científica y la aplicación de una encuesta. La revisión, realizada con el modelo PRISMA, abarcó fuentes en Scopus, ERIC y ScienceDirect entre 2018 y 2024. Los resultados evidencian tendencias y desafíos pedagógicos en la docencia, así como un nivel poco favorable de apropiación de la pedagogía crítica. Se concluye que la educación debe promover la emancipación, la igualdad de oportunidades y la conciencia crítica como base para la transformación social.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Critical pedagogy questions the current educational system by challenging its real contribution to democracy, social justice, and ideological equity, promoting education aimed at forming free and reflective individuals. This study aimed to collect research on university teaching from the perspective of critical pedagogy and to describe its level of development among postgraduate students at a private university. A descriptive and basic methodology was used, based on a review of scientific literature and a survey. The review, conducted using the PRISMA model, included sources from Scopus, ERIC, and ScienceDirect between 2018 and 2024. The results reveal trends and pedagogical challenges in teaching, as well as a low level of appropriation of critical pedagogy. It is concluded that education should promote emancipation, equal opportunities, and critical awareness as the foundation for social transformation.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[RESUMO Critical pedagogy questions the current educational system by challenging its real contribution to democracy, social justice, and ideological equity, promoting education aimed at forming free and reflective individuals. This study aimed to collect research on university teaching from the perspective of critical pedagogy and to describe its level of development among postgraduate students at a private university. A descriptive and basic methodology was used, based on a review of scientific literature and a survey. The review, conducted using the PRISMA model, included sources from Scopus, ERIC, and ScienceDirect between 2018 and 2024. The results reveal trends and pedagogical challenges in teaching, as well as a low level of appropriation of critical pedagogy. It is concluded that education should promote emancipation, equal opportunities, and critical awareness as the foundation for social transformation.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Transformación social]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Estilos de aprendizaje]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Pedagogía liberadora]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Social transformation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Learning styles]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Liberating pedagogy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Transformação social]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Estilos de aprendizagem]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Pedagogia libertadora]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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