<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2616-7964</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Horizontes Revista de Investigación en Ciencias de la Educación]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Horizontes Rev. Inv. Cs. Edu.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2616-7964</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CET-BOLIVIA]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2616-79642022000502052</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33996/revistahorizontes.v6i26.473</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Uso de los entornos virtuales para el fortalecimiento del pensamiento crítico]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Use of virtual environments to strengthen critical thinking]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Uso de ambientes virtuais para fortalecer o pensamento crítico]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cárdenas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Cristina Gutiérrez]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando Eli Ledesma]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albornoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Violeta Cadenillas]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huamani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Justiniano Aybar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad César Vallejo  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lima ]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>26</numero>
<fpage>2052</fpage>
<lpage>2061</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2616-79642022000502052&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2616-79642022000502052&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2616-79642022000502052&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La implementación de la educación virtual debido a la pandemia que originó la enfermedad del COVID-19, determinó que los docentes dieran otra mirada a su desempeño profesional de cómo conseguir el desarrollo de competencias y capacidades al igual que en las clases presenciales. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la influencia del uso de los entornos virtuales para el fortalecimiento del pensamiento crítico. La metodología fue de enfoque cuantitativo, con diseño cuasi experimental, porque se aplicó un programa &#8220;Haciendo uso de los entornos virtuales en el área de Ciencias Sociales&#8221;, a 29 estudiantes en el Grupo control y 29 estudiantes del Grupo experimental, Los resultaros demostraron que, en el post test el rango promedio del grupo control fue de 17.09% y en grupo experimental 41.9 %. Concluyéndose que, el uso de los entornos virtuales influye significativamente en el pensamiento crítico de los estudiantes.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The implementation of virtual education due to the pandemic that originated the COVID-19 disease, determined teachers to take another look at their professional performance on how to achieve the development of competencies and capabilities as in face-to-face classes. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of the use of virtual environments for the strengthening of critical thinking. The methodology was of quantitative approach, with quasi-experimental design, because a program "Making use of virtual environments in the area of Social Sciences" was applied to 29 students in the control group and 29 students in the experimental group. The results showed that, in the post-test, the average range of the control group was 17.09% and in the experimental group 41.9%. It was concluded that the use of virtual environments significantly influences students' critical thinking.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[RESUMO A implementação da educação virtual devido à pandemia que originou a doença COVID-19, determinou os professores a darem outra olhada em seu desempenho profissional sobre como conseguir o desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades, como nas aulas presenciais. O objetivo deste estudo era determinar a influência do uso de ambientes virtuais no fortalecimento do pensamento crítico. A metodologia foi quantitativa, com um desenho quase experimental, pois foi aplicado um programa "Fazendo uso de ambientes virtuais na área de Ciências Sociais" a 29 estudantes do grupo de controle e 29 estudantes do grupo experimental. Os resultados mostraram que, no pós-teste, a média do grupo de controle foi de 17,09% e no grupo experimental de 41,9%. Concluiu-se que o uso de ambientes virtuais influencia significativamente o pensamento crítico dos estudantes.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Pensamiento crítico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Entorno virtual]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Critical thinking]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Virtual environment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Pensamento crítico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Ambiente virtual]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Argandoña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ayón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zambran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barcia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La educación en tiempo de pandemia. Un reto Psicopedagógico para el docente]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Polo Del Conocimiento]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>819-48</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anindhyta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sunarno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Budiawanti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Physics Virtual Learning Simulation to Enhance Students' Critical Thinking Skill: Virtual Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Hunan University Natural Sciences]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ccorahua]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Uso de Entornos Virtuales de Aprendizaje en la Expresión Escrita en Estudiantes de Tercer Grado Secundaria]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UCV]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cedeño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Entornos virtuales de aprendizaje y su rol innovador en el proceso de enseñanza]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Ciencias Humanísticas y Sociales]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>119-27</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Colvin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mayer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[E-Learning and the Science of Instruction]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cook]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lischer-Katz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hardesty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johnson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McDonald]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carlisle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Challenges and Strategies for Educational Virtual Reality]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Information Technology and Libraries]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>25-48</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez A]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Escobar M]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Educación virtual en tiempos de pandemia: Incremento de la desigualdad social en el Perú]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biblioteca Electrónica Científica En Línea, I]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<page-range>1-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gonzales-Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trujillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pelayo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ocaña-Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Management in strengthening social- emotional competence during health emergencies: Gestão no fortalecimento da competência socioemocional durante emergências de saúde]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Tempos e Espaços Em Educação]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>33</numero>
<issue>33</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gualdrón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cudris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barrios]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olivella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bermúdez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Los AVA como estrategia didáctica en la enseñanza del pensamiento Lógico matemático]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista avft]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>257-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lamí Rodríguez del Rey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. L. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez Fleites]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. M. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez del Rey Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. C. M. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Las herramientas de comunicación sincrónica y asincrónica en la clase presencial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Conrado]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>56</numero>
<issue>56</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mackaym]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Franco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villacis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El pensamiento crítico aplicado a la investigación. Universidad y Sociedad]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>134-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La educación a distancia: sus características y necesidad en la educación actual]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educación]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>33</numero>
<issue>33</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meza-Intriago]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vásquez-Giler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comunicación en Línea en la educación sincrónica y asincrónica en el pre-universitario]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Reicomunicar]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>29-47</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Ministerio de Educación del Perú</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Currículo Nacional de Educación Básica Regular]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Ministerio de Educación del Per</collab>
<source><![CDATA[¿Qué aprendizajes logran nuestros estudiantes?]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Minte-Münzenmayer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ibagón-Martín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pensamiento crítico: ¿competencia olvidada en la enseñanza de la historia?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Entramado]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>186-98</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oyarce-Mariñas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morales-Chicana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solis-Trujillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La enseñanza virtual, una necesidad educativa global]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Coencia Latina]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Eficacia de los objetos virtuales para el aprendizaje en el uso de estrategias de lectura de estudiantes de distritos del Perú con restricciones en conectividad y equipamiento- caso Villa Rica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Eleuthera]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>104-16</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trujillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alarcón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berrio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ascencios]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El aprendizaje cooperativo en tiempos de pandemia de COVID-19]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Laplage Em Revista]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valencia Morocho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La Educación virtual en el pensamiento crítico de los estudiantes universitarios]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[In Desde el Sur]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Padilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cabrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Retos de la educación virtual en el proceso enseñanza aprendizaje durante la pandemia de Covid-19]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Dominio de Las Ciencias]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1201-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villamar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. D. C. V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ojeda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Orígenes y evolución del pensamiento crítico latinoamericano sobre desarrollo. En María del Carmen Villarreal Villamar y Tahina Ojeda, Pensamiento crítico latinoamericano sobre desarrollo]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid (España) ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Catarata]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
