<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2518-4431</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Investigación & Desarrollo]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Inv. y Des.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2518-4431</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UNIVERSIDAD PRIVADA BOLIVIANA]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2518-44312024000300115</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23881/idupbo.024.3-7e</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[PAISAJES CROMÁTICOS Y ARQUITECTURA INFORMAL: EL COLOR EN LA CONFIGURACIÓN DE LA IMAGEN URBANA EN CIUDADES DE BOLIVIA]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[CHROMATIC LANDSCAPES AND INFORMAL ARCHITECTURE: COLOR IN THE CONFIGURATION OF URBAN IMAGE IN BOLIVIAN CITIES]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quiñones]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Renee]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cabrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Privada Boliviana Facultad de Ingeniería y Arquitectura ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Bolivia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Privada Boliviana Centro de Investigaciones en Arquitectura y Urbanismo (CIAU) ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Bolivia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>115</fpage>
<lpage>131</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2518-44312024000300115&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2518-44312024000300115&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2518-44312024000300115&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN El color en la arquitectura exterior y el paisaje urbano es un componente clave que influye en la percepción estética, emocional y funcional de las ciudades. Este artículo examina los patrones cromáticos de las fachadas en tres ciudades bolivianas (Cochabamba, Quillacollo y Sacaba), analizando cómo las dinámicas socioeconómicas, culturales y de informalidad económica configuran su imagen urbana. A través de métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos, se identificó el predominio de colores monocromáticos como rojo, amarillo, blanco y gris, influenciados por materiales de construcción y actividades económicas. En zonas comerciales, el color se vincula a estrategias de marketing, mientras que en áreas residenciales predomina una paleta más uniforme, reflejando tradiciones locales y condiciones económicas. La investigación destaca la falta de regulación cromática como un factor que contribuye a la diversidad visual, revelando cómo las decisiones estéticas no solo responden a preferencias individuales, sino también a fenómenos macroeconómicos y culturales que moldean la identidad visual de las ciudades.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Color in exterior architecture and the urban landscape is a key component that influences the aesthetic, emotional, and functional perception of cities. This article examines the chromatic patterns of façades in three Bolivian cities (Cochabamba, Quillacollo, and Sacaba), analyzing how socioeconomic, cultural, and economic informality dynamics shape their urban image. Through qualitative and quantitative methods, the study identified the predominance of monochromatic colors such as red, yellow, white, and gray, influenced by construction materials and economic activities. In commercial areas, color is linked to marketing strategies, while residential areas display a more uniform palette, reflecting local traditions and economic conditions. The research highlights the lack of chromatic regulation as a factor contributing to visual diversity, revealing how aesthetic decisions are not only shaped by individual preferences but also by macroeconomic and cultural phenomena that define the visual identity of cities.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Color Urbano]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Patrones Cromáticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Imagen Urbana]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Urban Color]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Chromatic Patterns]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Urban Image]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>ArchDaily</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Aesthetics: The Different Uses of Color in Latin American Houses]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Urbanismo Táctico en Colombia</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Intervención Calle Consciente, un jardín de colores]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vieira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ito]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ashino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yamamoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tamie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Análisis del diseño urbano contemporáneo en América Latina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista AUS]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<page-range>9-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Wikipedia</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Neo-Andean Architecture]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Blog-Noticias</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Imagen y esencia de la ciudad latinoamericana]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Arquitectos.com.py.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bustamante Ricaldi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blanco Aguilar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peñaranda Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Revitalización urbana del Centro Histórico de la ciudad de Cochabamba]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev. Bol. Cienc.]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>40</numero>
<issue>40</issue>
<page-range>63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aligolizadeh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ranjbar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Analysis and Study of the Color and Shape of the Walls in the Legibility and Perception of Urban Landscape]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proc. Int. Conf. Urban Design]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<page-range>1-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zabawa-Krzypkowska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Role and Meaning of Color in Architectural Design - Conscious Creation of Optimal Usable and Aesthetic Solutions in Accordance with the Preferences of Future Users]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proc. Int. Conf. Sustainable Design]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>x</volume>
<page-range>113-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Akoglu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Akten]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Examination of the Change in the Perception of Space Due to the Use of Light and Color in the Example of Antalya Cumhuriyet Square]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mimarlik Bilimleri ve Uygulamalari Dergisi (MBUD)]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<page-range>45-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lynch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Image of the City]]></source>
<year>1960</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[MA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[MIT Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A Review of Cityscape Research Based on Dynamic Visual Perception]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Land]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>1-16</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sadig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An Evaluation of the Aesthetics Urban Design Elements in the Cityscape of Khartoum, Sudan]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proc. Int. Conf. Urban Design]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<page-range>1-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[City-Scale Mapping of Urban Façade Color Using Street-View Imagery]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Remote Sensing]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>1-16</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Complementary Relationship Between Colors and Urban Spaces]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Urban Design]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>75-89</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dewancker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shentu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Emotional Landscapes in Urban Design Analyzing Color Emotional Responses of the Elderly to Community Outdoor Spaces in Yi Jie Qu]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Buildings]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>793</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaglarz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Perception of Color in Architecture and Urban Space]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Buildings]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>2000</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Badami]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Management of the image of the city in urban planning Experimental methodologies in the colour plan of the Egadi Islands]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Urban Design International]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marotta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Art and Colour in the Requalification of Urban Areas and Landscapes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proc. Int. Conf. Urban Design]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<page-range>13-28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Couto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Adolescents, Poverty Areas, Violence, and Public Health An Intersectional Perspective]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev. Bras. Enfermagem]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>75</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Damajanti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MN]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Vernacular Typography of Street Vendors Migrant Cultural Identity in Surabaya]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proc. Int. Conf. Urban Visual Culture]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<page-range>17-28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Balderrama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Paleta de colores en la época colonial]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López Terrazas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Planificación regional, crecimiento y expansión urbana AM Cochabamba]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Investigaciones de Arquitectura y Ciencias del Hábitat]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guzman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Quillacollo en la antigüedad]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Franch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Linker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Fiesta de Urkupiña: Fe, tradición y carnaval]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clavijo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Quillacollo cumple 117 años]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Los Tiempos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mendez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Chicha y chicherías en Cochabamba: dos visiones]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Opinión]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>EDUCA</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Sacaba, Municipio de Chapare]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ledo Espinoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Peri-urbanization in Sacaba, Bolivia challenges to the traditional urban planning approach]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int. Planning Studies]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>355-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dueri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Dossier prefacultativo teoría]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Issuu]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quiroga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Lo que dejó 2022 en términos urbanos en Cochabamba]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Los Tiempos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peredo Antezana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La Provincia de Quillacollo: El medio geográfico, recopilación histórica, el municipio y el pueblo, el desarrollo de la instrucción, la industria, realidad social y económica]]></source>
<year>1963</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cochabamba, Bolivia ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Canelas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Asociación de Municipios de Cochabamba (AMDECO)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Quillacollo]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mehlhose]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wellner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El Mueble Moderno: 150 Años de Diseño. H.F. Ullmann]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Limpias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Arquitectura Boliviana 1940-2015: 75 años del Colegio de Arquitectos de Bolivia]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio de Arquitectos de Bolivia]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blasco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Psicología del espacio: cómo la arquitectura interior altera nuestra salud e influye en nuestros comportamientos]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[BBC News Mundo]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
