<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2311-2581</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Journal of the Selva Andina Animal Science]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[J.Selva Andina Anim. Sci.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2311-2581</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Journal of the Selva Andina Animal Science.Fundación Selva Andina Research Society.Departamento de Enseñanza e Investigación en Bioquímica & Microbiología.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2311-25812025000100045</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36610/j.jsaas.2025.120100045</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Alternative feeds for West African dwarf rams: a cost-benefit relationship and their long-term effect]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Alimenticios alternativos para carneros enanos de África occidental: una relacion del costo beneficio y su efecto a largo plazo]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oluwadele]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Joshua Femi]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tawose]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Olayinka Miriam]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ekeocha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anthony Henry]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adika]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Onyedikachi Augustine]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arowosegbe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Peter Dipo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Akinlabi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ebenezer Yemi]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Federal University of Oye-Ekiti Department of Animal Production and Health ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Ekiti]]></addr-line>
<country>Nigeria</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Ibadan Department of Veterinary Medicine ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Oyo]]></addr-line>
<country>Nigeria</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>45</fpage>
<lpage>57</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2311-25812025000100045&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2311-25812025000100045&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2311-25812025000100045&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The increasing cost of conventional livestock feed and forage scarcity in tropical regions necessitate the exploration of alternative feed resources to enhance sheep production. This study evaluates the effects of mango leaves, neem seed cake, Napier grass, and concentrate on growth performance, carcass traits, non-carcass components, and meat quality in West African Dwarf rams. The study was conducted at the Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria, using 40 rams randomly assigned to four dietary treatments: Diet A (Napier grass + concentrate), Diet B (mango leaves + Napier grass + concentrate), Diet C (neem seed cake + Napier grass + concentrate), and Diet D (mango leaves + neem seed cake + Napier grass + concentrate). Growth performance indicators, carcass characteristics, organ weights, and meat quality parameters were assessed. Results showed that Diet B promoted the highest body weight gain (16.3 kg) and water-holding capacity (76.2 %), while Diet D resulted in the highest liver (2.50 %) and kidney (1.42 %) weights, suggesting a strong influence on organ development. Diet C showed lower values across several parameters, indicating potential limitations. Diets rich in protein and energy contributed to superior growth and carcass traits, underscoring the importance of optimized feed formulations. These findings suggest that incorporating alternative feed resources into sheep diets can enhance production efficiency while reducing reliance on expensive conventional feeds. This study provides insights into sustainable feeding strategies that could support livestock productivity in resource-limited environments.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El aumento del costo de los alimentos convencionales para el ganado y la escasez de forrajes en las regiones tropicales hacen necesario explorar fuentes alternativas de alimentos para mejorar la producción ovina. Este estudio evalúa los efectos de las hojas de mango, la torta de semillas de neem, el pasto Napier y el concentrado sobre el rendimiento del crecimiento, las características de la carcasa, los componentes no relacionados con la carcasa y la calidad de la carne en carneros enanos de África occidental. El estudio se llevó a cabo en la Universidad Federal de Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria, utilizando 40 carneros asignados aleatoriamente a cuatro tratamientos dietéticos: Dieta A (pasto Napier + concentrado), Dieta B (hojas de mango + pasto Napier + concentrado), Dieta C (torta de semillas de neem + pasto Napier + concentrado) y Dieta D (hojas de mango + torta de semillas de neem + pasto Napier + concentrado). Se evaluaron los indicadores de rendimiento del crecimiento, las características de la carcasa, los pesos de los órganos y los parámetros de calidad de la carne. Los resultados refieren que la dieta B promovió la mayor ganancia de peso corporal (16.3 kg) y la capacidad de retención de agua (76.2 %), mientras que la dieta D resultó en los pesos más altos del hígado (2.50 %) y los riñones (1.42 %), lo que sugiere una fuerte influencia en el desarrollo de los órganos. La dieta C refiere valores más bajos en varios parámetros, lo que indica limitaciones potenciales. Las dietas ricas en proteínas y energía contribuyeron a un crecimiento superior y a características de la carcasa, lo que subraya la importancia de las formulaciones de alimentos optimizadas. Estos hallazgos sugieren que la incorporación de recursos alimenticios alternativos en las dietas de las ovejas puede mejorar la eficiencia de la producción y, al mismo tiempo, reducir la dependencia de los costosos alimentos convencionales. Este estudio proporciona información sobre estrategias de alimentación sostenibles que podrían respaldar la productividad del ganado en entornos con recursos limitados.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[West African Dwarf rams]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[alternative feed resources]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[growth performance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[meat quality]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Carneros enanos de África occidental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[recursos alimentarios alternativos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[rendimiento del crecimiento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[calidad de la carne]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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