<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2311-2581</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Journal of the Selva Andina Animal Science]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[J.Selva Andina Anim. Sci.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2311-2581</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Journal of the Selva Andina Animal Science.Fundación Selva Andina Research Society.Departamento de Enseñanza e Investigación en Bioquímica & Microbiología.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2311-25812023000100030</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36610/j.jsaas.2023.100100030</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Efecto de suplementación con concentrado sobre el comportamiento de pastoreo y social de llamas (Lama glama) jóvenes en Altiplano boliviano]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Effect of concentrate supplementation on the grazing and social behaviour of young llamas (Lama glama) in the Bolivian Altiplano]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mamani-Linares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lindón Willy]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cayo-Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Faustina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Pública de El Alto Área Ciencias Agrícolas, Pecuarias y RRNN Unidad de Postgrado]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[El Alto La Paz]]></addr-line>
<country>Bolivia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Pública de El Alto Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[El Alto La Paz]]></addr-line>
<country>Bolivia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>30</fpage>
<lpage>38</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2311-25812023000100030&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2311-25812023000100030&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2311-25812023000100030&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar el efecto de suplementación con concentrado sobre el comportamiento de pastoreo y social de llamas jóvenes enteros criados sobre pasturas nativas. Los tratamientos fueron: GR: llama en pastos nativos, GR+SCS: como GR, pero con suplemento de concentrado 1 (maíz y soja), GR+SWS: como GR, pero con suplemento de concentrado 2 (salvado de trigo y grano de sorgo). Se utilizó un muestreo de exploración cada 10 min para registrar 7 eventos de comportamiento de pastoreo y un muestreo focal continuo para 16 eventos de comportamiento social. En general, el pastoreo fue la principal actividad diurna (90 %) con 3.3 % en interacción y 1.5 % en ocio, entre otras actividades. Las principales actividades nocturnas (en corrales) fueron el descanso (54 %) y la rumia (35 %), mientras que la interacción entre machos y otras conductas tuvieron una baja frecuencia. La ocurrencia de interacciones entre machos fue mayor durante la mañana después de salir de los corrales, en comparación con los periodos del mediodía y la tarde. En estas interacciones, las mordeduras en las patas (8.2 por interacción) fueron las más frecuentes, seguidas de la interacción cuello-cuello y mordisco en el cuello. El periodo de ingesta de suplementos fue mayor para GR+SWS, así como periodos mayores de rumia, además de pasar más tiempo echados. Por otro lado, el GR pasó más tiempo interactuando. En conclusión, la suplementación con concentrado mejoro la ganancia de peso vivo, tuvo efecto sobre tiempo de rumia, pero no influyó en el comportamiento de pastoreo y social de llamas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of concentrate supplementation on the grazing and social behavior of young intact llamas reared on native pastures. Treatments were: GR: llama on native pasture, GR+SCS: as GR, but supplemented with concentrate 1 (maize and soybean), GR+SWS: as GR, but supplemented with concentrate 2 (wheat bran and sorghum grain). Scan sampling every 10 min was used to record 7 grazing behavioral events and continuous focal sampling for 16 social behavioral events. Overall, grazing was the main diurnal activity (90 %) with 3.3 % in interaction and 1.5 % in leisure, among other activities. The main nocturnal activities (in pens) were resting (54 %) and rumination (35 %), while interaction between males and other behaviors had a low frequency. The occurrence of male-male interactions was higher during the morning after leaving the pens compared to the midday and afternoon periods. In these interactions, paw biting (8.2 per interaction) was the most frequent, followed by neck-neck interaction and neck biting. The period of supplement intake was longer for GR+SWS, as well as longer periods of rumination and more time spent lying down. On the other hand, GR spent more time interacting. In conclusion, concentrate supplementation improved live weight gain, had an effect on rumination time, but did not influence grazing and social behavior of llamas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Pastoreo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[suplementación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ganancia de peso]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[comportamiento social]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[llama]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Grazing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[supplementation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[weight gain]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[social behavior]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[llama]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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<year>1990</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>281-91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fowler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ME]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Medicine and surgery of South American camelids: Llama, alpaca, vicuna, guanaco]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Iowa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[State University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
