<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2074-4706</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Latinoamericana de Desarrollo Económico]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[rlde]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2074-4706</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Católica Boliviana "San Pablo"]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2074-47062022000100007</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Effects of food prices on poverty: The case of Paraguay, a food exporter and a non-fully urbanized country]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Efectos de los precios de los alimentos en la pobreza: el caso de Paraguay, un país exportador de alimentos y no completamente urbanizado]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lugo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Ana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garriga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Santiago]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Puig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,The World Bank  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Washington DC]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Paris School of Economics  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Paris ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Center for Distributive, Labor and Social Studies (CEDLAS)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[La Plata ]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>37</numero>
<fpage>7</fpage>
<lpage>43</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2074-47062022000100007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2074-47062022000100007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2074-47062022000100007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Agriculture in Paraguay plays a key role in economic development and economic growth. Fluctuations in commodity prices have been added to the inherent sector's volatility linked to climate conditions. Since a vast share of households in developing countries like Paraguay are both consumers and producers of food the welfare effects of commodity prices fluctuations are not obvious: higher prices hurt consumption but benefit production. In this paper we simulate the welfare effects of a potential hike in food prices. We use the traditional agricultural model, households' survey data and monthly price data for 127 food items. Our main results suggest that the expenditure effect is negative and regressive for all households, but larger in rural than urban areas. The income effect is positive and progressive in rural areas and negligible in urban ones. Therefore, we find that the potential overall impact of a potential increase in food prices in Paraguay has a very flat U-shaped curve effect. We conclude with a policy response simulation in order to help those affected by the initial increase in food prices.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La agricultura en Paraguay juega un papel clave en el desarrollo y el crecimiento económico. Las fluctuaciones en los precios de las materias primas se han sumado a la volatilidad inherente del sector vinculada a las condiciones climáticas. Dado que una gran parte de los hogares en países en desarrollo, como Paraguay, son consumidores y productores de alimentos, los efectos de las fluctuaciones de los precios de los productos básicos en el bienestar no son obvios: mayores precios perjudican el consumo, pero benefician la producción. En el presente artículo, simulamos el efecto sobre el bienestar de una posible subida de los precios de los alimentos. Usamos el modelo agrícola tradicional, datos de encuestas de hogares y datos de precios mensuales para 127 alimentos. Los resultados sugieren que el efecto sobre el consumo es negativo y regresivo para todos los hogares, pero mayor en las zonas rurales que en las urbanas. El efecto sobre la producción es positivo y progresivo en las zonas rurales e insignificante en las urbanas. El impacto general tiene un efecto de curva en forma de U muy plana. Concluimos con una simulación de respuesta política para ayudar a los afectados.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Food prices]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[distribution]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[poverty]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[policy response]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Paraguay]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[precios de los alimentos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[distribución]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[pobreza]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[respuesta política]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Paraguay]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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