<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1726-8958</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Médica La Paz]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Méd. La Paz]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1726-8958</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio Médico de La Paz]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1726-89582024000200021</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[HIPOTENSION ARTERIAL Y NIVEL ANESTÉSICO DE ACUERDO A LA VELOCIDAD DE INYECCIÓN DE LA ANESTESIA ESPINAL EN PACIENTES SOMETIDAS A OPERACIÓN CESÁREA]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[ARTERIAL HYPOTENSION AND ANESTHETIC LEVEL ACCORDING TO INJECTION SPEED OF SPINAL ANESTHESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CESAREAN SECTION]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Onishi Sadud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Osman]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herrera Montevilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abele Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paula]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arismendi Argandoña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sebastián R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luna Aruquipa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adriana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,CNS HIES Luis Uría de la Oliva Anestesiólogo]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,CNS HAIG Hospital Obrero N°30 Santiago II Anestesiólogo]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital del Norte Anestesiólogo ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[El Alto ]]></addr-line>
<country>Bolivia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital del Norte Anestesiología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[El Alto ]]></addr-line>
<country>Bolivia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>21</fpage>
<lpage>29</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1726-89582024000200021&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1726-89582024000200021&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1726-89582024000200021&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Objetivo: Determinar si una disminución de la velocidad de inyección del anestésico local durante una anestesia espinal brinda un nivel anestésico adecuado para realizar una operación cesárea con menor incidencia de hipotensión arterial.  Metodología: Se realizó un estudio de cohortes, prospectivo que incluyó 108 gestantes a término programadas para cesárea electiva y de urgencia y uso de bloqueo espinal en condiciones similares, quedando 54 participantes en el grupo de infusión LENTO (30-60 segundos) y 54 en el grupo RAPIDO (15-30 segundos).  Resultados: No se encontraron diferencias entre ambos grupos en las variables demográficas analizadas, nivel anestésico, presión arterial sistólica basal, bienestar fetal (APGAR), líquidos intravenosos administrados y pérdida hemática transoperatoria. Se evidenció una mayor frecuencia de hipotensión arterial en las pacientes del Grupo RAPIDO (68.50%) en comparación con las del Grupo LENTO (38.80%). De la misma forma se evidenció una mayor aparición de eventos adversos, secundarios a la hipotensión arterial, como náuseas y vómitos en las pacientes del Grupo RAPIDO. Se encontró cierta similitud en el grado de satisfacción entre las pacientes de ambos grupos.  Conclusión: La velocidad de inyección lenta del anestésico podría reducir la importancia de la hipotensión inducida por anestesia espinal para cesárea, sin modificar la extensión bloqueo sensorial cefálico o nivel anestésico.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Objective: To determine whether a decrease in the injection speed of local anesthetic during spinal anesthesia provides an adequate anesthetic level to perform a cesarean section with a lower incidence of arterial hypotension.  Methodology:  A prospective cohort study was carried out. It considered 108 full- term pregnant women scheduled for elective and emergency cesarean section as well as use of spinal block under similar conditions, corresponding 54 patients in the SLOW infusion group (30-60 seconds) and 54 in the FAST group (15-30 seconds).  Results: No differences were found between both groups regarding the demographics, anesthetic level, baseline systolic blood pressure, fetal well-being (Apgar), administered intravenous fluids and intraoperative blood loss. A higher frequency of arterial hypotension was observed in patients of the FAST Group (68.50%) compared to those in the SLOW Group (38.80%). Likewise, a greater occurrence of adverse effects secondary to arterial hypotension, such as nausea and vomiting, was evident in those of the FAST Group. A certain similarity in the degree of satisfaction among patients of both groups was found.  Conclusion: Slow injection speed of the anesthetic could reduce the hypotension induced by spinal anesthesia for cesarean section, without modifying the extent of cephalic sensory block or anesthetic level.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Anestesia espinal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hipotensión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cesárea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Spinal anesthesia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hypotension]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cesarean section]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beltrán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merialdi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lauer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bing-Shun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thomas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Rates of caesarean section analysis of global, regional and national estimates]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<page-range>98-113</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montoya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliveros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Manejo de la hipotensión inducida por anestesia espinal para cesárea]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Col Anest]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>131-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hoyos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navarro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eslava]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Anestesia regional subaracnoidea para cesárea y Pomeroy postparto Aplicación de anestésico local a una velocidad de inyección menor o mayor a 60 segundos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Colomb Anestesiol]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>341-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ochoa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ochoa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acosta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevención y tratamiento de hipotensión materna durante la cesárea bajo bloqueo espinal]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Mex Anestesiol]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>71-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parsons]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cyna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Middleton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Anestesia raquídea versus epidural para la cesárea]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Biblioteca Cochrane Plus]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sklebar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bujas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Habek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Spinal anaesthesia-induced hypotension in obstetrics Prevention and Therapy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Clin Croat]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>58</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>90-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Evangelista]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duarte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amigo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pèrez de Palleja]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vasco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Medicina perioperatoria para operación cesárea]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Chil Anest]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>671-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rubio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hipotensión en anestesia regional y velocidad de inyección]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Colomb Anestesiol]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>508-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ibarra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santalla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carabeo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Legón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Profilaxis de la hipotensión arterial en la cesárea de urgencia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mediciego]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>57-68</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kinsella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carvalho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dyer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernando]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McDonnell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mercier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Consensus Statement Collaborators International consensus statement on the management of hypotension with vasopressors during caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anaesthesia]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>73</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>71-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boulay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ziane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Noblesse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mathiot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toubas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of injection rate on hypotension associated with spinal anesthesia for cesarean section]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Obstet Anesth]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>10-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bouchnak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Belhadj]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chaaoua]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Azaiez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hamdi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maghrebi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Rachianesthésie pour césarienne la vitesse d'injection a-t-elle une influence sur l'incidence de l'hypotension ?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Fr D'Anesthésie Réanimation]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<page-range>17-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Singh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shamsah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of injection speed on level of spinal block in parturient]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Can J Anesth]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<page-range>13A</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chiang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hasan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sundaraj]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Faris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ganason]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Injection speed of spinal anaesthesia for Caesarean delivery in Asian women and the incidence of hypotension A randomised controlled trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Anesth]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<page-range>82-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tuberquia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Anestesia regional subaracnoidea: ¿Cuál es la velocidad de infusión adecuada para una cesárea?]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Militar Nueva Granada]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
