<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1726-8958</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Médica La Paz]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Méd. La Paz]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1726-8958</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio Médico de La Paz]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1726-89582023000200080</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[EL METAANALISIS EN LA INVESTIGACION CIENTIFICA MÉDICA]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vera Carrasco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Oscar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Mayor de San Andrés Facultad de Medicina Pre y Postgrado]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Bolivia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>80</fpage>
<lpage>85</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1726-89582023000200080&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1726-89582023000200080&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1726-89582023000200080&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Las revisiones sistemáticas y los metaanálisis se han consolidado como una herramienta fundamental para la práctica clínica basada en la evidencia. Inicialmente, el metaanálisis fue propuesto como una técnica que podría mejorar la precisión y la potencia estadística de la investigación procedente de estudios individuales con pequeño tamaño muestral. Sin embargo, uno de sus principales inconvenientes es que suelen comparar no más de 2 intervenciones alternativas a la vez. Los «metaanálisis en red» utilizan técnicas novedosas de análisis que permiten incorporar la información procedente de comparaciones directas e indirectas a partir de una red de estudios que examina los efectos de diversos tratamientos de una manera más completa. Pese a sus potenciales limitaciones, su aplicación en epidemiología clínica podría ser potencialmente útil en situaciones en las que existen varios tratamientos que se han comparado frente a un comparador común. Además, estas técnicas pueden ser relevantes ante una pregunta clínica o de investigación cuando existen múltiples tratamientos que deben ser considerados, o cuando se dispone tanto de información directa como indirecta en el cuerpo de la evidencia.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been established as fundamental tools for evidence-based clinical practice. Initially, meta-analysis was proposed as a technique that could improve the precision and statistical power of individual studies research, with small sample sizes. However, one of its main drawbacks was related to usually comparing only 2 alternatives at a time. &#8220;Network metaanalyses&#8221; uses novel analytical techniques that allow information from direct and indirect comparisons to be incorporated from a network of studies that examine the effects of various treatments in a more comprehensive way. Despite potential limitations, its application in clinical epidemiology would most likely be useful in situations where there are several treatments that need to be compared against a common comparator. In addition, these techniques may be relevant to answer research questions that involve multiple treatments, or when both direct and indirect information are available in the body of evidence.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Metaanálisis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Comparaciones mixtas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Comparaciones múltiples]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Síntesis de evidencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Revisión sistemática]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Meta-analysis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mixed comparisons]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Multiple comparisons]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Evidence synthesis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Systematic review]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Escrig Sos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vicente Javier]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Llueca Abella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jose Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Granel Villach]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Laura]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bellver Oliver]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de senologia y Patologia Mamaria]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<page-range>44-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Urrutia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bonfill]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Declaracion PRISMA: una propuesta para mejorar la publicacion de revisiones sistematicas y metaanalisis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Med Clin (Barc)]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>135</volume>
<page-range>507-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Catala-Lopez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tobias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Metaanalisis de ensayos clinicos aleatorizados, heterogeneidad e intervalos de prediccion]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Med Clin (Barc)]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>142</volume>
<page-range>270-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caldwell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ades]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Higgins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Simultaneous comparison of multiple treatments: Combining direct and indirect evidence]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMJ]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>331</volume>
<page-range>897-900</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salanti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Indirect and mixed-treatment comparison, network, or multipletreatments meta-analysis: Many names, many benefits, many concerns for the next generation evidence synthesis tool]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Res Syn Meth]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>80-97</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Catala-Lopez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tobias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sintesis de la evidencia clinica y metaanalisis en red con comparaciones indirectas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Med Clin (Barc)]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>140</volume>
<page-range>182-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villasis Keever]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Miguel Angel]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rendon Macias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mario Enrique]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eladia]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miranda Novales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maria Guadalupe]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Escamilla Nunez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La revision sistematica y el metaanalisis como herramientas de apoyo para la clinica y la investigacion]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista alergia]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Mexico ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meseguer Guaita]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fuensanta]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Lectura critica de un Metaanalisis y de una revision sistematica]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Khalidl S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kunz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Regina]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kleijnen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jos]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Antes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gerd]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Systematic Reviews to Suppport EvidenceBased Medicine, how to review and apply findings of healthcare research]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[RMS Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borenstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Meta-Analysis: Concepts and Applications]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Seminar organized by Statistical Horizons]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chalmers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H Jr]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kunzler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evidence favoring the use of anticoagulants in the hospital phase of acute myocardial infarction]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[N Engl J Med.]]></source>
<year>1977</year>
<volume>297</volume>
<page-range>1091-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kristm A.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L'Abbe]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Detsky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Allan S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[OXourke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Kkith]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El metanalisis en la investigacion clinica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Bol Of Sanit Panam]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>116</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chalmers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H Jr]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kunzler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evidence favoring the use of anticoagulants in the hospital phase of acute myocardial infarction]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[N Engl J Med.]]></source>
<year>1977</year>
<volume>297</volume>
<page-range>1091-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Field]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gillett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[How to do a meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Br J Math Stat Psychol]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>63</volume>
<page-range>665-94</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bolanos Diaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rafael]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calderon Cahua]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maria]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Introduccion al meta-analisis tradicional]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev. gastroenterol. Peru]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lima ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Botella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El meta-analisis: una metodologia para la investigacion en educacion]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educacion]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>XX1</volume>
<page-range>17-38</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Le]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Young Ho]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Una descripcion general del metaanalisis para medicos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Intern Med]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>277-83</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
