<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1605-2528</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ecología en Bolivia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ecología en Bolivia]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1605-2528</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Plural Editores ]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1605-25282001000100017</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Climate variability on intraseasonal to interannual timescales on the Bolivian Altiplano with special emphasis on the Nevado Sajama region]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Variabilidad del clima en escalas temporales intraestacional a interanual en el Altiplano boliviano, con especial énfasis en la región del Nevado Sajama]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vuille]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mathias]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hardy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Douglas R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Braun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carsten]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kelmig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Frank]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bradley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raymond S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Massachusetts - Dept. of Geosciences Climate System Research Centerfax]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ MA]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2001</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2001</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>35</numero>
<fpage>17</fpage>
<lpage>40</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1605-25282001000100017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1605-25282001000100017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1605-25282001000100017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Significant changes in the tropical climate system appear to be underway, coincident with the dramatic retreat of many tropical ice cap margins. Data from Sajama weather station, installed on Bolivia's highest summit in 1996 are helping to develop a more comprehensive view of climatic conditions at high altitudes in this remote part of the tropical Andes. Here we present first results regarding the daily and annual meteorological cycle at the summit of this ice cap, where an ice core was recovered in 1997. In addition we present an analysis of atmospheric circulation patterns during snowfall events on Sajama during the summer months. In order to put our studies in a longer-term perspective, we have analyzed the interannual variability of precipitation and temperature on the Bolivian Altiplano over the last decades. Our results reveal the strong influence of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) upon the climate variablity of the Bolivian Altiplano. While precipitation fluctuations related to ENSO can not explain the observed glacier retreat, temperature has been steadily rising over the last six decades. The rate of warming has significantly accelerated over the last 25 years, coincident with the observed glacier recession.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Se observan cambios significativos en el sistema climático tropical, coincidente con el retroceso dramático de muchos glaciares tropicales. Los datos climáticos de la estación meteorológica del Nevado Sajama, instalada en la cumbre más alta de Bolivia en 1996, permiten desarrollar una visión más comprensiva de las condiciones climáticas en las montañas de los Andes tropicales. Aquí presentamos los primeros resultados con respecto al ciclo meteorológico diario y anual en la cumbre del Nevado Sajama, donde un núcleo de hielo fue recuperado en 1997. Además presentamos un análisis de la circulación atmosférica durante períodos de nevadas en el Volcán Sajama durante los meses del verano. Para tener una perspectiva de más largo plazo, hemos analizado la variabilidad interanual de la precipitación y de la temperatura en el Altiplano boliviano durante las décadas pasadas. Nuestros resultados indican una influencia fuerte del fenómeno El Niño-Oscilación del Sur (ENOS) sobre la variabilidad climática del Altiplano boliviano. Mientras que las fluctuaciones de la precipitación relacionadas con ENOS no pueden explicar el retroceso observado de los glaciares, también se observa un incremento de la temperatura durante las seis décadas pasadas. Este incremento de la temperatura ha sido perceptiblemente más elevado durante los 25 años pasados, coincidentes con el receso de los glaciares tropicales.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Altiplano]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Climate change]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Tropical glaciers]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Nevado Sajama]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[El Niño-Oscilación del Sur (ENOS)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Altiplano]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cambio climático]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[glaciares tropicales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Nevado Sajama]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aceituno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[On the functioning of the Southern Oscillation in the South American sector. Part I: Surface Climate]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Monthly Weather Review]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<volume>116</volume>
<page-range>505-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aceituno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[On the functioning of the Southern Oscillation in the South American Sector. Part II: Upper-Air Circulation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Climate]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>341-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aceituno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montecinos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Circulation anomalies associated with dry and wet periods in the South American Altiplano]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Fourth International Conference on Southern Hemisphere Meteorology and Oceanography]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Hobart Australia </conf-loc>
<page-range>330-1</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[American Meteorological Society]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aceituno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montecinos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ciclos meteorológicos anual y diario en el sector Chileno del Altiplano Sudamericano]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<page-range>48p.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ames]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hastenrath]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mass balance and ice flow of the Uiruashraju glacier, Cordillera Blanca, Perú]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Zeitschrift fuer Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<page-range>83-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arnaud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vuille]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ribstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) influence on Sajama volcano snow cap from 1963 to 1998 as seen from Landsat data and aerial photography]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Geophysical Research]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brecher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thompson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Measurement of the retreat of Qori Kalis glacier in the tropical Andes of Perú by terrestrial photogrammetry]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Photogrammetric Engineering &amp; Remote Sensing]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>59(6)</volume>
<page-range>1017-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Diaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Graham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Recent changes in tropical freezing heights and the role of sea surface temperature]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nature]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>383</volume>
<page-range>152-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Francou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ribstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saravia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tiriau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Monthly balance and water discharge of an inter-tropical glacier: Zongo glacier, Cordillera Real, Bolivia, 16°S]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Glaciology]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<page-range>61-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garreaud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wallace]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The diurnal march of convective cloudiness over the Americas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Monthly Weather Review]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>125</volume>
<page-range>3157-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garreaud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Multi-scale analysis of the summertime precipitation over the Central Andes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Monthly Weather Review]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>127</volume>
<page-range>901-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hardy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vuille]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Braun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Keimig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bradley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Annual and daily meteorological cycles at high altitude on a tropical mountain]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>79(9)</volume>
<page-range>1899-913</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hastenrath]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ames]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Recession of Yanamarey glacier in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru during the 20th century]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Glaciology]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<page-range>191-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jacobeit]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Die grossräumige Höhenströmung in der Hauptregenzeit feuchter und trockener Jahre über dem südamerikanischen Altiplano]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Meteorologische Zeitschrift, N.F.]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<page-range>276-84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kalnay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kanamitsu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kistler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Collins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deaven]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gandin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iredell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[White]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Woollen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chelliah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ebisuzaki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Higgins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Janowiak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ropelewski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leetmaa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reynolds]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jenne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Joseph]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>77(3)</volume>
<page-range>437-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hastenrath]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ames]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mass balance profiles on tropical glaciers]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Zeitschrift fuer Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<page-range>75-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Georges]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[On the mass balance of low latitude glaciers with particular consideration of the Peruvian Cordillera Blanca]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Geografiska Annaler]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>81A (4)</volume>
<page-range>643-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A review of the modern fluctuations of tropical glaciers]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Global and Planetary Change]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<page-range>93-103</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quintana-Gomez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Trends of maximum and minimum temperatures in northern South America]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Climate]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<page-range>2104-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ribstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tiriau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Francou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saravia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tropical climate and glacier hydrology: a case study in Bolivia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Hydrology]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>165</volume>
<page-range>221-34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosenblüth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fuenzalida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aceituno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Recent temperature variations in Southern South America]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Climatology]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<page-range>67-85</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thompson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mosley-Thompson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arnao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El Niño-Southern Oscillation events recorded in the stratigraphy of the tropical Quelccaya ice cap, Perú]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science]]></source>
<year>1984</year>
<volume>226</volume>
<page-range>50-2</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thompson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mosley-Thompson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dansgaard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grootes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Little Ice Age as recorded in the stratigraphy of the tropical Quelccaya ice cap]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science]]></source>
<year>1986</year>
<volume>234</volume>
<page-range>361-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thompson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mosley-Thompson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.-B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pre-Incan agricultural activity recorded in dust layers in two tropical ice cores]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nature]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<volume>336</volume>
<page-range>763-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thompson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mosley-Thompson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dyurgerov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA["Recent warming": ice core evidence from tropical ice cores, with emphasis on central Asia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Global and Planetary Change]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<page-range>145-56</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thompson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mosley-Thompson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sowers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Henderson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zagorodnov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.-N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mikhalenko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bolzan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cole-Dai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Francou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A 25,000-year tropical climate history from Bolivian ice cores]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>282</volume>
<page-range>1858-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Victoria]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martinelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moraes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ballester]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krusche]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pellegrino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almeida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.M.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Surface air temperature variations in the Amazon region and its borders during this century]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Climate]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<page-range>1105-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vuille]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ammann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Regional snowfall patterns in the high arid Andes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Climatic Change]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<page-range>413-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vuille]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hardy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Braun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Keimig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bradley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Atmospheric circulation anomalies associated with 1996/97 summer precipitation events on Sajama ice cap, Bolivia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Geophysical Research]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>103</volume>
<page-range>11191-204</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vuille]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hardy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bradley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The impact of El Niño / La Niña in the region of Nevado Sajama, Bolivia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[El Fenómeno de El Niño en Bolivia - evaluación, balance y perspectivas]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<page-range>229-47</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Paz, Bolivia ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología de Bolivia (SENAMHI)]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vuille]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Atmospheric circulation over the Bolivian Altiplano during DRY and WET periods and extreme phases of the Southern Oscillation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Climatology]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<page-range>1579-600</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vuille]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bradley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mean annual temperature trends and their vertical structure in the tropical Andes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Geophysical Research Letters]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>27 (23)</volume>
<page-range>3885-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vuille]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bradley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Keimig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Interannual climate variability in the Central Andes and its relation to tropical Pacific and Atlantic forcing]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Geophysical Research]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>105</volume>
<page-range>12447-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vuille]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bradley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Keimig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Climate variability in the Andes of Ecuador and its relation to tropical Pacific and Atlantic sea surface temperature anomalies]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Climate]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<page-range>2520-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wagnon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ribstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Energy balance and runoff seasonality of a Bolivian glacier]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Global and Planetary Change]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<page-range>49-58</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
