<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1012-2966</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Gaceta Médica Boliviana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Gac Med Bol]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1012-2966</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Mayor de San Simón]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1012-29662025000100019</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47993/gmb.v48i1.967</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Coinfecciones microbianas en niños hospitalizados con neumonía adquirida en la comunidad en Cochabamba, Bolivia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Microbial co-infections in hospitalized children with community-acquired pneumonia in Cochabamba, Bolivia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torrico Villarroel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nattaly Grecia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Copana Olmos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raúl]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gemio Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María José]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Veneros Paricollo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María de los Ángeles]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Mayor de San Simón Instituto de Investigación de la Facultad de Cs. Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cochabamba ]]></addr-line>
<country>Bolivia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Mayor de San Simón Facultad de Medicina Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas e Investigación Social IIBISMED]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cochabamba ]]></addr-line>
<country>Bolivia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital del Niño Manuel Ascencio Villarroel  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cochabamba ]]></addr-line>
<country>Bolivia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>19</fpage>
<lpage>24</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1012-29662025000100019&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1012-29662025000100019&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1012-29662025000100019&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Las infecciones respiratorias son causa significativa de mortalidad en lactantes y niños menores de cinco años, en muchos casos estas corresponden a cuadros de neumonías graves y pueden producirse por más de un agente microbiano.  Objetivos:  analizar el comportamiento de las coinfecciones microbianas que ocurren en pacientes pediátricos internados por NAC grave en un Hospital pediátrico de referencia nacional.  Métodos:  se incluyó a 48 pacientes menores de 5 años hospitalizados entre abril y agosto de 2023 con diagnóstico de NAC grave, se realizó la detección de patógenos respiratorios bacterianos y virales por PCR en tiempo real múltiple, se revisó la información epidemiológica de las historias clínicas de los pacientes.  Resultados:  el 87,5 % presentó un resultado positivo para la detección molecular de alguno de los patógenos en estudio, siendo los patógenos detectados con mayor frecuencia el virus sincitial respiratorio, Haemophilus influenzae y Streptococcus pneumoniae , en el 52 % hubo detección simultanea de agente viral y bacteriano, presentándose mayores complicaciones en este grupo.  Conclusiones:  las Neumonías adquiridas en la comunidad graves están asociadas principalmente a infecciones virales o coinfecciones.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Respiratory infections are a significant cause of mortality in children under five years of age. In many cases, these correspond to severe pneumonia and can be caused by more than one microbial agent.  Objectives:  to analyze the behavior of microbial coinfections that occur in pediatric patients hospitalized for severe pneumonia in a national reference pediatric hospital.  Methods:  48 patients under 5 years of age hospitalized between April and August 2023 with a diagnosis of severe pneumonia were included. Bacterial and viral respiratory pathogens were detected by multiple real-time PCR. The epidemiological information in the medical records was reviewed.  Results:  87,5 % presented a positive result for the molecular detection of any of the pathogens under study, the most frequently detected pathogens were respiratory syncytial virus, Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae, in 52% there was simultaneous detection of the agent viral and bacterial, presenting more complications in this group.  Conclusions:  severe community-acquired pneumonias are mainly associated with viral infections or coinfections.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[coinfección]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[neumonía bacteriana]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[neumonía viral]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[PCR]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[coinfection]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bacterial pneumonia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[viral pneumonia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[PCR]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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