<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2074-4706</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Latinoamericana de Desarrollo Económico]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[rlde]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2074-4706</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Católica Boliviana "San Pablo"]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2074-47062023000300027</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35319/lajed.2023esp496</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Descripción y análisis de criterios para acceder a bonos verdes para proyectos hidroeléctricos de Bolivia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Description and analysis of criteria to access Green Bonds for Hydroelectric Projects in Bolivia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zurita Alvarado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luján Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marcos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández Tellería]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Bernardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Católica Boliviana San Pablo Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Exactas e Ingeniería ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cochabamba ]]></addr-line>
<country>Bolivia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Católica Boliviana San Pablo Departamento de Ciencias Exactas e Ingeniería Ingeniería Industrial]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cochabamba ]]></addr-line>
<country>Bolivia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Glasgow  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Bolivia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>especial</numero>
<fpage>27</fpage>
<lpage>56</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2074-47062023000300027&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2074-47062023000300027&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2074-47062023000300027&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La Asociación Internacional de Mercados de Capitales (ICMA por sus siglas en inglés) desarrolló los Principios de los Bonos Verdes (GBP por sus siglas en inglés) que promueven un desarrollo integral del mercado de bonos verdes. Asimismo, la Iniciativa de Bonos Climáticos (CBI por sus siglas en inglés) ha introducido los criterios de Bonos Verdes para el sector de la energía hidroeléctrica. Los criterios para el componente mitigación es que las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero deben estar debajo de 50 gramos de dióxido de carbono - equivalentes emitidos por kilovatio-hora- de energía eléctrica (g CO2eq kWh-1) para permitir una energía sostenible ambientalmente. Para acceder a un bono verde de un emisor local o internacional, los proyectos hidroeléctricos en Bolivia deben alinearse con los GPB, cumplir con los criterios de mitigación y adaptación del CBI y enmarcarse en las &#8220;Modificaciones del reglamento de mercados de valores bolivianos para bonos temáticos&#8221;.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The International Capital Markets Association (ICMA) developed the Green Bond Principles (GBP) that promote a comprehensive development of the green bond market. Likewise, the Climate Bonds Initiative (CBI) has introduced the Green Bond criteria for the Hydroelectric Power sector. The criteria for the mitigation component are that greenhouse gases emissions must be below 50 grams of carbon dioxide-equivalents emitted per kilowatt -hour of electricity (g CO2eq /kWh-1) to allow reliable power. To access a green bond from both a local and international source hydroelectric projects in Bolivia must be aligned with the GPB, comply with the CBI mitigation and adaptation criteria, and be framed within the Securities Market Regulations Amendments for Thematic Bonds.  Clasificación/Classification JEL: L 94, Q420, Q480]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Bonos Verdes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Gases de efecto invernadero]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Finanzas sostenibles e Hidroeléctricos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Green Bonds]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Greenhouse Gases]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Sustainable Finance and Hydroelectric]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abril]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delmas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Galy-Lacaux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gosse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tremblay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Varfalvy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aurelio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matvienko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Carbon dioxide and methane emissions and the carbon budget of a 10-year old tropical reservoir (Petit Saut, French Guiana)]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almeida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Q.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gomes-Selman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xue]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Angarita]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Forsberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcia-Villacorta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hamilton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Melack]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montoya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sethi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gomes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flecker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Reducing greenhouse gas emissions of Amazon hydropower with strategic dam planning]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nature Communications]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cole]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tranvik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prairie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bastviken]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huszar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. L. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[del Giorgio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Carbon emission from hydroelectric reservoirs linked to reservoir age and latitude]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nature Geoscience]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>593-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Banco Internacional de Desarrollo, BID Invest.</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Por qué los bonos temáticos pueden ser un éxito en América Latina y el Caribe]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Bolsa Boliviana de Valores, BBV</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Guía de bonos sociales, verdes y sostenibles]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Corporacion Andina de Fomento, CAF</collab>
<source><![CDATA[USD 94,8 millones para hidroeléctrica San José]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Climate Bonds Initiative, CBI</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Estado del mercado en América Latina y el Caribe]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Climate Bonds Initiative, CBI</collab>
<source><![CDATA[The Hydropower Criteria Brochure]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Climate Bonds Initiative, CBI</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Hydropower Criteria]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Climate Bonds Initiative, CBI</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Hydropower Criteria, Development of Eligibility Criteria for the Climate Bonds Standard &amp; Certification Scheme]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Climate Bonds Initiative, CBI</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Taxonomía de Climate Bonds Initiative]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Energía 2021]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Climate Bonds Initiative, CBI</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Interactive Data Platform]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>ENDE CORANI</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Memoria anual]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>ENDE CORPORACION</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Empresas a cargo de la ejecucion del proyecto hidroelectrico &#8220;El Condor&#8221; llevaron a cabo la reunion de inicio de proyecto]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Fundacion Solon</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Hidroeléctricas: entre la necesidad y la pesadilla]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Gobierno de Bolivia. Autoridad de Supervision del Sistema Financiero</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Modificaciones al reglamento del mercado de valores y a normativa conexa]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Gobierno de Bolivia. Autoridad de Fiscalizacion de Electricidad y Tecnologia Nuclear</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Memoria Anual 2021]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goldenfum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[GHG measurement guidelines for freshwater reservoirs]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The UNESCO/IHA Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Freshwater Reservoirs Research Project International Hydropower Association (IHA)]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[House]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nicholas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sutton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Fomentar la energía hidroeléctrica sostenible]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>International Capital Market Association, ICMA</collab>
<source><![CDATA[The Green Bond Principles]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>International Renewable Energy Agency, IRENA</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Renewable energy finance: green bonds]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leena]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sustainable Debt Market Summary Q1 2022. Climate Bonds Initiative]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<month>,</month>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prieto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hidroelectricidad, embalses y cambio climatico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ingeniería Del Agua]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>311-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saavedra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carlos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amelia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quispe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Financiamiento climático internacional y desafíos para el Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Paz, Bolivia ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saldias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Uso de herramientas de gestión para mejorar la ejecución de proyectos de inversión. Caso de estudio: Proyecto hidroeléctrico Misicuni]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UMSA]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Teodoru]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bastien]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bonneville]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[del Giorgio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Demarty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garneau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Helie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pelletier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prairie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roulet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Strachan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tremblay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The net carbon footprint of a newly created boreal hydroelectric reservoir]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Global Biogeochemical Cycles]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tremblay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Varfalvy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roehm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garneau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Greenhouse Gas Emissions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fluxes and Processes]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>UNEP Inquiry</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Definitions and Concepts: Background Note]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>WWF</collab>
<collab>Energetica</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Análisis preliminar de proyectos hidroeléctricos en Bolivia, sus impactos ambientales y la complementariedad energética]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
