<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1994-3733</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Perspectivas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Perspectivas]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1994-3733</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Católica Boliviana San Pablo, Unidad Académica Regional Cochabamba]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1994-37332025000100103</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35319/scdn0k88</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Argentina y Corea del Sur: tan parecidas, tan distintas. Un estudio de desarrollo económico comparado 1957-2017]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Argentina and South Korea: So Similar, Yet So Different. A Comparative Study of Economic Development (1957-2017)]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maximiliano Albornoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacionales de Buenos Aires  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>55</numero>
<fpage>103</fpage>
<lpage>126</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1994-37332025000100103&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1994-37332025000100103&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1994-37332025000100103&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Analizando la experiencia de Argentina y Corea del Sur para el periodo 1957-2017, se ofrece evidencia de que la brecha en el ingreso per cápita puede analizarse mediante comportamientos esencialmente microeconómicos. El trabajo describe como la productividad argentina decayó a lo largo de los años, especialmente a partir de los 2000 mientras que la única excepción fue los noventa, cuando por primera vez la productividad argentina se ubicó por encima de Corea del Sur. Los resultados de las pruebas PISA están en consonancia con estos resultados donde se demuestra que Argentina tiene mayor proporción de estudiantes en el nivel 1, por debajo de los saberes mínimos, y prácticamente ninguno en niveles 5 o 6 (elite). Además, se demuestra que en los años de alto crecimiento argentino (2003-2011), el crecimiento fue espurio y estuvo desconectado de la productividad: se crecía a tasas chinas mientras que la productividad apenas crecía y caería a niveles históricos en la década siguiente. La productividad actual de Corea del Sur se ubica en niveles por encima de su media histórica y se ha visto afectada por factores externos, como las crisis del petróleo y asiática. En cambio, la productividad argentina se ubica por debajo de los valores históricos, con mucha variabilidad y afectada por cuestiones domésticas, como las crisis de la hiperinflación y la de 2001/2.  CLASIFICACIÓN JEL:  E6, J1, O4.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Analyzing the experience of Argentina and South Korea for the period 1957-2017, evidence is offered that the gap in per capita income can be analyzed through essentially microeconomic behaviors. The work describes how Argentine productivity declined over the years, especially starting in the 2000s, while the only exception was the nineties, when for the first time Argentine productivity was above that of South Korea. The results of the PISA tests are in line with these results, which show that Argentina has a greater proportion of students at level 1, below minimum knowledge, and practically none at levels 5 or 6 (elite). Furthermore, it is shown that in the years of Argentine high growth (2003-2011), growth was spurious and disconnected from productivity: it grew at Chinese rates while productivity barely grew and would fall to historical levels in the following decade. South Korea&#8217;s current productivity is at levels above its historical average and has been affected by external factors, such as the oil and Asian crises. On the other hand, Argentine productivity is below historical values, with a lot of variability and affected by domestic issues, such as the hyperinflation crises and that of 2001/2.  JEL CLASSIFICATION:  E6, J1, O4.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Productividad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Población]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Argentina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Corea del Sur]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Crecimiento óptimo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Productivity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Population]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Argentina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[South Korea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Optimal growth rate]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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