Resumo

RODRIGUEZ ARIAS, Elizabeth. Cytological test performance during 2023 of the René Vallejo Ortiz Polyclinic, Bayamo, Granma, Cuba. Vive Rev. Salud [online]. 2025, vol.8, n.23, pp.633-645.  Epub 01-Maio-2025. ISSN 2664-3243.  https://doi.org/10.33996/revistavive.v8i23.402.

Cervical cytological screening using the Pap test is a fundamental tool for the early detection of preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the cervix, contributing significantly to the reduction in the incidence and mortality from cervical cancer (CC). Objective the present study aimed to analyze the behavior of cytological tests performed during 2023 in the René Vallejo Ortiz Polyclinic, comparing the results with those obtained in 2022. Materials and methods An observational, descriptive, and retrospective study was carried out, based on the clinic's clinical and laboratory records. The population included all women seen during 2023, with 3,303 scheduled Pap smears and 3,156 actually performed, achieving a compliance rate of 95.6%. Qualitative and quantitative variables were analyzed through descriptive and inferential analysis, applying the McNemar test to evaluate differences between years. The results showed a low percentage of unusable cytology tests (2.3%), with sample shortages being the main cause. A total of 168 new cases of cytological lesions were detected (5.3%), with a mean patient age of 44.5 years. The educational interventions implemented in 2023 improved sample quality and increased the detection of positive cases, with statistically significant differences compared to 2022 (p < 0.05). It is concluded the program demonstrated high coverage, improved quality, and improved diagnostic capacity. It is recommended that ongoing training and strengthened follow-up be maintained to optimize CC prevention.

Palavras-chave : Quality of cytological samples; Cervical cancer; Early detection; Screening program; Pap smear; Cervical cytology screening.

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