Resumo

MARTINEZ ORTIZ, Mariana Alexandra; SIGUENZA PACHECO, Marco Antonio  e  TOALONGO SALTO, Janeth Esperanza. Evolution of antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Latin América. A scoping review. Vive Rev. Salud [online]. 2025, vol.8, n.23, pp.608-632.  Epub 01-Maio-2025. ISSN 2664-3243.  https://doi.org/10.33996/revistavive.v8i23.401.

Studies from the region show that the resistance profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa has evolved significantly in hospitals and clinics in Latin America. The objective: to analyze the evolution of antibiotic resistance against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Latin America. Methodology: A qualitative approach, based on a literature review, followed the PRISMA 2020 methodology. The PubMed and LILACS databases were used. The search was carried out in March 2025, prioritizing publications from the last five years, previous studies from the years 2007, 2008, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017 and 2018 were considered. The results show that, since 2015, important changes in epidemiology have been recorded: several centers reported an increase in the prevalence of bla KPC-type carbapenemases (with figures of up to 75% in some studies), the emergence of bla NDM and the appearance of OXA variants, as well as the detection of other genes (bla IMP, bla SPM, bla PER) by molecular methods (PCR, WGS, RT-PCR). Furthermore, variability in the co-production of resistance mechanisms and the continued presence of efflux systems and alterations in membrane permeability are confirmed, reflecting the microbiological and molecular diversity that characterizes the evolution of resistance in P. aeruginosa over time in the region. In conclusion, it is essential to prioritize the standardization of surveillance protocols and the integration of molecular tools into diagnostic routines, and to promote regional collaboration for the monitoring of emerging clones and mechanisms.

Palavras-chave : Antibiotic; Evolution; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Resistance.

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