Resumen

AGUILAR LUNA, Janina Tahiry; ORTIZ TEJEDOR, Jonnathan Gerardo  y  VIZHNAY GUZMAN, María Gabriela. High-risk genotypes of Human Papillomavirus in women in Latin America and the Caribbean. Vive Rev. Salud [online]. 2024, vol.7, n.21, pp.788-802.  Epub 27-Sep-2024. ISSN 2664-3243.  https://doi.org/10.33996/revistavive.v7i21.339.

The human papilloma virus, which is contagious through sexual transmission, is an adenovirus with more than 200 genotypes, which are of high risk for the appearance of uterine cancer, identified as HPV 16,-18,-31,-33,- 35,-39,-45,-51,-52,-56,-58,-59,-67-68,-73,-82. The detection of any of these variants allows for timely prevention and treatment to prevent the development of cancer. Objective: To describe the main high-risk genotypes of the human papillomavirus reported in women in Latin America and the Caribbean. Methodology: A systematic literature review was carried out using the PRISMA method, based on a search in databases such as Pubmed, Scielo, ELSEVIER, Google Scholar, and the World Health Organization. The inclusion criteria are: language in English and Spanish, studies carried out by molecular methods published in the years 2019 to 2023. Results: The current state of high-risk HPV genotypes in 17 countries in Latin America and the Caribbean was described, Venezuela is the country with the highest percentage of positive cases for HPV (12.46%), followed by the Bahamas (10.25%). HPV-16 was also identified with the highest prevalence (10.18%), followed by HPV-56 (9.39%). Conclusion: At a global level, high-risk genotypes HPV-16 and HPV-18 are considered to be the most common, but in some countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, others have been identified as HPV-56 and HPV-53, which It also shows high frequency, demonstrating drastic variation between countries and even in different regions of the same country.

Palabras clave : Cancer; Genotypes; Human; Papilloma; Prevalence; Virus.

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