Resumen

RODRIGUEZ, César Ávila; CARCAUSTO-CALLA, Wilfredo  y  RIOS, Alejandro Ramírez. Benefits of multicomponent training on motor and cognitive learning in older adults. Vive Rev. Salud [online]. 2023, vol.6, n.18, pp.920-933.  Epub 25-Sep-2023. ISSN 2664-3243.  https://doi.org/10.33996/revistavive.v6i18.274.

Falls are a recurrent problem in older adults, notably affecting their health and generating high morbimortality due to the injury and the psychological and social sequelae. Objective. To analyze the benefits of multicomponent exercises in motor and cognitive learning in the elderly. Methodology. A systematic review of experimental articles focusing on multicomponent exercises as an intervention or treatment published in journals indexed in the Scopus and Scielo databases between 2015 and 2020 was performed. As a preliminary result, 183 articles were obtained with the application of the search string: TITLE-ABS-KEY (multicomponent AND exercises AND older AND adults). After selection, 12 relevant articles that met the established criteria were analyzed. Conclusion. The multidimensional physical fitness test showed its efficacy in predicting changes in physical performance; resistance exercises reduced the occurrence of falls by improving functionality. Likewise, multicomponent exercises were effective in restoring the cognitive function of older adults, preventing falls and improving their daily tasks. Intervention programs with multicomponent exercises substantially reduced the risk of falls, compared to single exercise programs, and also showed significant improvements in cognitive function and daily tasks, resulting in better overall functioning, which in turn led to improvements in productivity.

Palabras clave : Exercise; Quality of Life; Physical Functional Performance; Elderly.

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