Resumen

CAMPOVERDE, María Elizabeth Yuquilima; CASTRO, Jorge Luis Yánez  y  CAMPOVERDE, Víctor Xavier Yuquilima. Enteral and parenteral nutritional therapy in patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19 in ICU. Vive Rev. Salud [online]. 2023, vol.6, n.16, pp.275-285.  Epub 14-Feb-2023. ISSN 2664-3243.  https://doi.org/10.33996/revistavive.v6i16.225.

There is evidence of a large number of cases of disease due to COVID-19 infection, drawing attention to the malnutrition that is directly associated with exposure and prolonged stay in the Intensive Care Unit, triggering a syndrome of malnutrition or malnutrition due to sarcopenia. Objective. To detail the benefits of enteral and parenteral nutrition in a case of malnutrition in critically ill patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in the Intensive Care Unit, highlighting the benefits in the clinical evolution of the patient in terms of mortality and hospital stay. Methodology. A systematic review study was conducted on enteral and parenteral nutrition in critically ill patients with diagnosis of COVID-19, with an information search approach in databases such as: PubMed, Lilacs, Scielo, Scopus, Web of Science. The search covered the period 2020-2022. Conclusion. Critically ill patients with COVID-19 infections are linked to a severe state of inflammation associated with a series of acute, early and aggressive myopathic processes that trigger a higher caloric-protein consumption, lower tolerance to nutritional therapy and thus muscle loss. It was determined with this research that enteral and parenteral nutrition in critical patients diagnosed with COVID-19 trigger several clinical benefits by improving nutritional intake, lower nosocomial infection, lower mortality in the intensive care unit and predisposition to functional improvement, reducing hospital stay and improving the clinical evolution of the patient.

Palabras clave : Coronavirus Infections; Nutrition Therapy; Critical Care; Malnutrition.

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