Resumen

ORTIZ RIERA, Carlita Maribel; ASPIAZU HIMOSTROZA, Karla  y  PACHECO CARDENAS, Karla Estefanía. Mycobacterium tuberculosis in pulmonary and extrapulmonary patient samples from Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital. Vive Rev. Salud [online]. 2022, vol.5, n.14, pp.470-480.  Epub 04-Ago-2022. ISSN 2664-3243.  https://doi.org/10.33996/revistavive.v5i14.161.

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis whose worldwide prevalence, far from decreasing, is increasing its morbimortality, together with the increase of bacterial resistance. Objectives. To characterize Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection with the study variables that are most associated with the disease: type of sample, biological sex, origin, age group, hospital area, susceptibility to rifampicin and type of diagnosis. Materials and methods. A quantitative descriptive, documentary approach study, whose sample consisted of 62 clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis processed by smear microscopy, culture and molecular techniques, Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital during the period 2019-2020. Results. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was more prevalent in the adult group representing 71%, with a mean age of 47 years, male sex predominates with 75.8%, the hospital area of greatest admission was emergency with 66.13%, with samples of pulmonary origin 88.71%. The number of patients with tuberculosis/HIV coinfection was 11.29%. The most commonly used diagnostic method was smear microscopy with culture, representing 41.9%. The presence of rifampicin resistance corresponded to 13% in pulmonary and extrapulmonary samples. Conclusions. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease characterized by a long latency period between the initial infection and clinical manifestations, and can be transmitted by direct or indirect routes. Its high morbimortality rates are elevated in adult population groups, mainly males, together with a series of underlying factors such as smoking.

Palabras clave : Diagnosis; Extrapulmonary; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Resistance; Rifampicin.

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