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Vive Revista de Salud
versión impresa ISSN 2664-3243
Resumen
HERRERA DUTAN, Edgar Vinicio; ANDRADE CAMPOVERDE, Diego y REINOSO ROJAS, Yessenia Valeria. Antimicrobial resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae, Ecuador. Vive Rev. Salud [online]. 2021, vol.4, n.12, pp.36-49. ISSN 2664-3243. https://doi.org/10.33996/revistavive.v4i12.107.
Klebsiella pneumoniae represent a great challenge for doctors and laboratory workers due to their accelerated growth and prevalence in hospital settings and resistance to antibiotics. In this perspective article, it provides information on the evolutionary life of the microorganism during the last twenty years, as well as clinical key points that should be considered to improve the pharmacological management of the patient, through the combination of antibiotics, knowing the main resistance genes and the mechanism as such. Given the importance of this information, a manuscript is made, which will be detailed below.
Objective.
The objective of this research was to analyze the evolution of antimicrobial resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae from the prevalence of the main resistance mechanisms that this pathogen presents in Ecuador, during the period 2000-2020.
Materials and methods.
A systematic review of the scientific literature of observational studies of antimicrobial resistance from a prospective cohort was carried out. Based on the PRISMA methodology.
Results.
the evolution of Klebsiella pneumonia during the last twenty years highlights an exponential increase in the resistance genes KPC-2, NDM and OXA-48 distributed mainly in the cities of Quito, Guayaquil, Cuenca and Esmeralda. The KPC-2 gene is present in all cities that report antimicrobial resistance for K. pneumonia, therefore, it is the most prevalent gene in the country, causing greater failure of drug treatment.
Conclusion.
A rapid dissemination of virulence genes and evolution in the resistance mechanisms reported during the twenty years of bibliographic reviews is observed. Geographically affecting the most important cities with the greatest population transit. In addition, there is a relationship of the KPC-2 genes with the highest prevalence, mainly present at the hospital level. These findings highlight the importance and duration of the epidemiological surveillance and antimicrobial resistance programs of the Health System.
Palabras clave : Klebsiella pneumoniae; Resistance to Antibiotics; Bacterial drug resistance.
