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Vive Revista de Salud
Print version ISSN 2664-3243
Abstract
BRAVO CRESPO, David Israel and ROMAN COLLAZO, Carlos Alberto. HPV diagnostic methods for the prevention of cervical cáncer in Ecuador. Vive Rev. Salud [online]. 2021, vol.4, n.11, pp.176-192. ISSN 2664-3243. https://doi.org/10.33996/revistavive.v4i11.94.
Cervical uterine cancer (CUC) is considered the second cause of death in women between the ages of 35 and 64 in Ecuador. Health intervention suggests early diagnosis of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cytological status of cervical epithelial cells. HPV is considered the main etiological cause of 99% of CCU.
Objective
. To assess the diagnosis of CCU from the use of cytological and molecular methods in women from Ecuador.
Methods
. Thematic review on HPV diagnosis and CCU prevention. The search covered original articles in English and Spanish from 2010-2020. Databases such as Pudmed, Scielo, Elsevier, Redalyc, Scopus were used.
Resulted
. Cytology as a primary screening method has decreased the incidence of CCU, although its low sensitivity limits efficacy. The implementation of molecular methods has made it possible to detect different genotypes and obtain reliability in the results, but their accessibility is limited in populations with low financial resources. The little knowledge and the application of heterogeneous methods makes it difficult to make an early diagnosis to prevent infection and its relationship with CCU.
Conclusions
. The accurate diagnosis of CCU is an urgent need in the Ecuadorian environment. The combination of methods such as PAP and molecular methods for HPV identification may be sufficient tools for this purpose. Adequate assessment of the genotyping technique to be used is relevant in order to ensure a sensitive, specific and accessible diagnostic method for Ecuadorian women.
Keywords : Cervical cancer; Diagnostic HPV; Ecuador; Human Papillomavirus.
