Abstract

GAROFALO SOSA, Javier Alberto; PONCE-MOLINA, Luis Jonatan  and  NORONA ZAPATA, Patricio Javier. Yield increase and grain quality in improved wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm from INIAP, in 2020. Rev. Inv. Cs. Agro. y Vet. [online]. 2021, vol.5, n.14, pp.250-261.  Epub Aug 31, 2021. ISSN 2664-0902.  https://doi.org/10.33996/revistaalfa.v5i14.115.

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most widely used cereals by Ecuadorian families, with a national production of 1% of demand. The National Institute of Agricultural and Livestock Researches - INIAP, have the objective of generate germplasm of high yield and industrial quality. In 2020 at the Santa Catalina Experimental Station, 580 wheat lines selected during 2019 from introductions from CIMMYT and local crosses were tested on plots of 3.6 m2. The results obtained shown that the lines introduced achieved an increase in yield of 6% compared to the local improved checks (7.14 t ha-1), while the national cross lines obtained an increase of 13.3%. For grain quality, hectolitric weight, it was observed that the lines introduced have lower quality values (71.05 kg hl-1) compared to the control (71.87 kg hl-1); while national cross lines showed an increase of 2.4%. Denoting, that breeding programs can obtain germplasm with better characteristics by making their own crossings using local and better adapted materials.

Keywords : breeding; crossing; genetic; lines; wheat.

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