Introduction:

Aedes aegypti transmits severe diseases such as dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever, representing a significant public health threat. In Cochabamba, Bolivia, its proliferation is favored by the climate and urbanization. Studying its colonization is crucial for developing effective control and prevention strategies. Methodology: To review the colonization of Aedes aegypti in Cochabamba, databases such as Scielo, PubMed, and Google Scholar were used. Relevant studies were selected using keywords like “Aedes aegypti,” “Cochabamba,” and “public health.” Zotero was used to organize the references. A qualitative and systematic analysis of the findings was conducted. Development: Aedes aegypti is a small mosquito, identified by its white markings on the legs and a lyre-shaped marking on the thorax. It prefers urban areas with stagnant water to lay its eggs. Its life cycle includes the egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages, which it completes in 8 to 10 days. The presence of the mosquito in Cochabamba has been documented since the 1980s, with expansion associated with population density and the availability of suitable habitats. Control strategies include public education campaigns, insecticide use, and entomological surveillance. Discussion: Studies on the colonization of Aedes aegypti in Cochabamba show its adaptation to new altitudes and urban areas, influenced by climate variations and unplanned urbanization. Factors such as water scarcity and inadequate storage facilitate its proliferation. It is recommended to intensify public education and community participation to eliminate breeding sites.