Resumen

VALAREZO BELTRON, Carlos Oswaldo et al. Effect of neem on Phyllocnistis citrella and its parasitoidism at the greenhouse level in Manabí, Ecuador. RIIARn [online]. 2023, vol.10, n.2, pp.22-29. ISSN 2409-1618.  https://doi.org/10.53287/eszb2125vu38c.

The exploration of pest control alternatives in crops is of great worldwide interest, the use of biopesticides and their interaction between insect pests and natural enemies. The lemon crop reports different pests, being the leaf miner a pest of great economic interest for citrus growers. The objective of the research was to determine the effect of Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) on Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) and its parasitoidism at the greenhouse level. The evaluated treatments were: aqueous extract of neem; neem oil and control without application. The development was carried out under two climatic seasons: dry and rainy, under controlled conditions in the nursery, under a completely random design. The evaluations were carried out at 10, 15, 20 days after the application where the rate of infestation, mortality and parasitoidism was evaluated, in the province of Manabí, Ecuador with a duration of 2 months per season. As main results, it was obtained that the global rates of infestation, mortality and parasitoidism were higher in the rainy season with (26.6, 7.6 and 4.8 %) respectively. The application of the treatments with Neem obtained a better response in terms of infestation in the dry season, being the aqueous extract that reached the lowest percentages of infestation at 10 and 15 days after the application, on the other hand, while in the dry season of rain the mortality data were those that showed the best response with the application of neem with the application of the aqueous extract. Based on the results of the neem applications on P. citrella and its parasitoid A. citrícola, it is concluded that there is a decrease in the pest insect and little effect on the parasitoid, it is worth mentioning that the bioinsecticide-parasitoid-plague interaction is positive.

Palabras clave : biopesticide; infestation; parasitoid; pest control; citrus.

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