Abstract

LOPEZ, Miguel A.; ORSAG, Vladimir; MIRANDA, Roberto  and  GARCIA, Magali. Characterization of the agricultural production system and evaluation of soil quality in soybean crop (Glycine max) in lowlands of Bolivia. RIIARn [online]. 2021, vol.8, n.2, pp.20-29.  Epub Aug 31, 2021. ISSN 2409-1618.  https://doi.org/10.53287/ucsd8463fe81f.

Agriculture in Bolivia has several agricultural production systems, where this work characterizes the conditions of agricultural production in the lowlands of Bolivia, identifying the management and deterioration of their soils. Likewise, there is a soil quality index which allows to identify the state and conditions of the soils of the lowlands of Bolivia. The research was carried out in three communities in the municipality of Yapacani, Santa Cruz, Bolivia. The objective was to determine the effect of the soybean crop production system on the behavior of physical, chemical and biological properties, in natural areas and in plots of 3, 8, 12 and 23 years with soybeans. To determine the production system, a series of surveys and interviews with producers was carried out, identifying agronomic practices, handling of agrochemicals, among others. To determine the soil quality index, the physical, chemical and biological properties were analyzed, where a weighting of each of them was carried out, taking them to a scale of 0 to 1. The results obtained identify that the communities have a system of extensive mixed agricultural production. Where the soils have a silty loam, silty clay and loam texture, at the same time there is a variation in the compaction of the soil and in the porosity, nutrient content and CO2 production, when determining this index, a reduction tendency of the values, where the natural areas, 3 and 8 years of production, have values of 0.65, 0.67 and 0.66 and the 12 and 23 year old plots obtained lower values (between 0.58 and 0.49).

Keywords : production systems; soil quality; Glycine max; evaluation index.

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