Abstract

CONDORI C., Genaro. Classification of the llama genetic resource (Lama glama Linnaeus) regarding the productive aptitude of fiber or meat in the xerophytic and mesophytic Highland of Bolivia. RIIARn [online]. 2019, vol.6, n.1, pp.57-69. ISSN 2409-1618.

Abstract In the Bolivian Altiplano, llama farming is fundamental for the security and food sovereignty of rural populations, since it provides meat, fiber, skins and manure, and llama populations were named as primary races, because there are no well-defined breeds that they have not been characterized. Forthis reason, the present investigation seeks to classify llama populations of the main cattle regions of the Altiplano, based on characteristics related to the production of meat and fiber, establish subtypes of llamas according to phenotypic and morphological characteristics and determine the phenotypic variability according to the characterization of flames by pigmentary patterns of color and spot. Eight communities were selected and information was collected on the basis of body fiber coverage, eight color pigment patterns, four types of stain and qualitative characters of live weight (PV), width of haunches (AA) and thoracic perimeter (PT) in 485 adult llamas. Based on the variables considered, statistical analysis was carried out by multiple correspondences and hierarchical analysis that classified the sample into six classes. The "very good" ratings for PV, AA and PT are positively related to class 3 animals, the "good" ratings for the same variables are related to class 6, most of these animals belong to intermediate type llamas and secondly Q'aras. The wild pigment pattern "guanaco" presents a relationship with live weight that is qualified as "good". The ACM divides the population sample of flames type T'amphullis, in two classes, in which class 2 does not present a fiber coverage as extended in the face and legs as class 4. The black face patterns light legs, stripe of mule, black face, semi-wild and wild legs do not show spots, however, the first three have characteristics of greater body fiber coverage, closely related to classes 2 and 4. The llamas of Cocapata-Ayopaya and Sud Lipez present a homogeneous coloration No stains compared to the rest.

Keywords : Classification; animal genetic resources; Lama glama Linnaeus; ACM; production; meat; fiber.

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