Resumo

BUITRAGO ROMERO, ROSIO et al. Identificación genética del agente causal y el insecto vector de la enfermedad de chagas circulante en la Amazonía boliviana: Provincia Iturralde. Rev.Cs.Farm. y Bioq [online]. 2016, vol.4, n.1, pp.93-103. ISSN 2310-0265.

Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas disease, is a serious threat to health in the Americas, accounting for the highest disease burden in Latin American, with eight to nine million people infected and 25-90 million at risk (Schmunis and Yadon, 2010; WHO, 2008). This parasite, which belongs to the Trypanosomatidae family, is mainly transmitted by blood-sucking bug vectors, belonging to three genera (Triatoma, Rhodnius, and Panstrongylus). In Bolivia the geographical distribution of the genera Rhodnius and its roll in the T. cruzi transmission is not clear, because erroneous identifications were realised based only on morphological methods In the presentwork the molecular technology has been introduced in order to identify the insect vector as the transmitting agent of the disease of Chagas. A total of fifteen Triatomines were captured in wild regions of the "Municipios San Buenaventura" and "Ixiamas" from 82 palms trees using 4 by each palm. Of the fifteen Triatomines collected only ten were used for the species identification and five of them were infected by Trypanosoma cruzi. The identification of the philogeny of specimens of Triatomines was performed by analysis of genes of cytochrome B "cyt b" of the mitocondrial DNA and nuclear gene D2, corresponding to the region 28S of the RNA. At the same time DTU identification of isolates of Trypanosoma cruzi by Multiplex PCR technique miniexon (MMPCR) itwas performed. The results allowed to reveal that all the specimens from San Buenaventura, belong to the species Rhodnius stali (SB3, SB4, SB5 and SB6), whereas, of eight specimens from Ixiamas, four belong to the species Rhodnius stali (IX3, IX4, IX6, IX8), and two to the species Rhodnius robustus (IX2, IX5), based on the analysis of the mitocondrial DNA cyt b, confirming these finding with the analysis of the gene D2. Also, the DTU Tcl Trypanosoma cruzi was identified circulating in this region. These results confirm some morpho-metric studies identifying the species of Rhodnius and they show the DTU "Tcl" of Trypanosoma cruzi that is circulating in the Bolivian Amazon.

Palavras-chave : Chagas disease; Rhodnius; Bolivian Amazon.

        · resumo em Espanhol     · texto em Espanhol     · Espanhol ( pdf )