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Journal of the Selva Andina Biosphere
versión On-line ISSN 2308-3859
Resumen
ESQUIVEL-QUISPE, Roberta. Native arbuscular micorrizogen fungi propagation and their influence in amylaceous corn production, in Paquecc-Ayacucho. Second chapter: Towards sustainable agriculture. J. Selva Andina Biosph. [online]. 2020, vol.8, n.1, pp.53-63. ISSN 2308-3859.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are microorganisms, which improve plant growth. Considering the importance of these fungi, the objective of this investigation was to assess the influence of the application of four AMF inoculums on the development and yield of corn (Z. mays L.) white "choclero" variety in the community of Paquecc Ayacucho Peru. It was sown following the farmer's methodology, modifying only in the fertilization and mycorrhization, applying per each plant 29 g of island guano in the sowing and hilling, and 55 g of phosphoric rock in the sowing. This corresponds to a low fertilization level. The randomized complete block design (DBCA) with five treatments and four repetitions was used, using a total area of 836 m2. With the application of the consortium of AMF T4 treatment (C. etunicatum, Gigaspora sp and Sclerocystis sp), it obtained a yield of 3909.04 kg ha-1 of dry grain, 4779.04 kg ha-1 of fresh grain, 1.7 ears per plant, 176 grains per ear, 557.75 g of weight of 1000 seeds and 2.35 cm of stem diameter; this treatment was followed by treatments T3 (mixture) and T1 (F. geosporum and C. luteum), which had a positive influence, while the treatment without application of AMF (T5) had 1578.04 kg ha-1 of dry grain. The treatments T4, T3, and T1, also had a higher number of HMA spores with 31.33, 29, and 20.44 spores/g of soil respectively; compared to 16.47 and 18 spores in the T2 and control (T5) treatments respectively. The three inoculums of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi consortium have a significant influence on the different variables and indicators evaluated; except for T2 treatment (E. infrequens, C. luteum and G. microaggregatum). It is recommended to mycorrhize in corn (Zea mays L) crops with the consortium of C. etunicatum, Gigaspora sp and Sclerocystis sp, as well as with the consortium of F. geosporum and C. luteum.
Palabras clave : Fungi consortium; arbuscular mycorrhizogens; Zea mays L. production.
