Resumen

ENCINAS HUARACHI, Iván Miguel  y  PAREJA, María Eugenia. Perception and meaning of the gestalt attitude in teens of the house “Casa Esperanza”. Revista de Psicologia [online]. 2020, n.24, pp.75-96. ISSN 2223-3032.

Abstract This is a case study with a qualitative descriptive phenomenological analytical approach, in which Gestalt psychotherapy techniques and concepts are intervened in a group of 12 and 13-year-old adolescents who are in foster care, under judicial resolution in the Hogar Casa Esperanza dependent on the Fundación Arco Iris. In this group of adolescents, indicators of passivity, conformism, internalization of assistance and emotional immobility were identified. These indicators are associated with a personal and family history of constant “survival” associated with abuse, neglect or orphanhood and the belief that their pain must be constantly compensated; therefore there is a lack of harmony among adolescents around their awareness of themselves and lack of contact with their internal processes, emotions, sensations, perceptions and corporeality, there is the appropriation of introjects such as "you must be strong", " the adolescent at home is the poor thing ”,“ that's the way things are ”. In the present work, the “Gestalt meeting group” tool (group approach to personal work and self-knowledge) was specifically used to respond to this problem The comprehensive analysis of the process favors the conclusion that an approach with a Gestalt approach in psychological praxis is a potentially valid resource for psychologists to carry out interventions that generate change and impact on the population with which they work; This is based on the positive evolution of the group with which we worked, which effectively found alternatives to face and respond to their institutionalization condition and also overcome the indicators described (passivity, conformity and welfare) through growth, valuation , personal development and the internalization of the state of consciousness of their perceptions, feelings, sensations, learning and corporality.

Palabras clave : Adolescence; Gestalt psychotherapy; Gestalt attitude; group therapy; perception; significance.

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