Abstract

GRINSVALL, Susanna  and  LORA FUENTES, María Elena. POLITICAL EXILE AND ITS IMPACTS ON SUBJECTIVITY. Ajayu [online]. 2012, vol.10, n.2, pp.172-185. ISSN 2077-2161.

In this paper the notion of political exile is examined, and from two perspectives: on one hand, from the social and political conditions that an exile implies, and on the other hand, from a psychoanalytical point of view. In order to illustrate the consequences on subjectivity, former exiled people’s testimonies are reproduced, that is to say, Bolivians who lived as refugees in Sweden. Although political exile existed in different historical periods and circumstances, in this paper, focus is put on the period that goes from Banzer’s coup in 1971 until democracy was finally achieved again in 1982. This was the period when the underground operation of intelligence services called “Plan Cóndor” coordinated the repression - including disappearances, arrests, tortures, and homicides - between several South American countries. Lacanian psychoanalysis offers a reading of exile that rescues the singular and subjective aspects of every experience, without aspiring to generalize it, and that is the reason why it is so suitable in this context.

Keywords : dictatorship; repression; political exile; subjectivity.

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