Abstract

GIGLIOLA-ORMACHEA, Peggy Brenda et al. In vitro antihypertensive activity by bioactive components of Andean grains. J. Selva Andina Res. Soc. [online]. 2023, vol.14, n.1, pp.10-23.  Epub Mar 31, 2023. ISSN 2072-9294.  https://doi.org/10.36610/j.jsars.2023.140100010.

Andean grains (quinoa, cañahua and tarwi) have recognized health benefits. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the inhibitory activity of phenolic extracts (PE), hydrolyzed proteins, peptide fractions of royal white quinoa (QRB), royal black quinoa (QRN), royal red quinoa (QRR), J'acha grain quinoa (QJG), wild Ajara quinoa (QA), Phisanqalla quinoa (QP), Kurmi quinoa (QK), cañahua (QK) and tarwi (QA), quinoa Phisanqalla (QP), quinoa Kurmi (QK), cañahua (C) and tarwi (T) were evaluated on angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) in vitro, also the flours hydrolyzed with α amylase/alkylase (AMY/ALC) and α amylase/flavourzyme (AMY/FLA) of QRB, QA, C, T were evaluated. In addition, flavonoid content, protein concentration, degree of hydrolysis (GH) and starches were evaluated. The flavonoid content of the quinoa ecotypes ranged from 63 to 92 mg/mL, of C (43 mg/mL) and T (91 mg/mL). Of the RCT inhibitory activity, the T and C EFs exhibited 54.25±2.2 and 56.38±2.4 % inhibition, the quinoa EFs exhibited an average of 24 % inhibition. Protein hydrolysates and peptide fractions obtained by biological digestion by 4 enzymes: ALC, FLA and PAN, revealed ACE inhibitory activity higher than 60 %, with PEP it was lower. From the AMY/ALC hydrolyzed flours, a water-soluble product (PHS) and a non-water-soluble product (PNHS) were separated. The IC50 of PHS obtained by AMY/ALC for QRB (0.68 mg/mL), QA (0.38 mg/mL), C (0.74 mg/mL) and T (0.67 mg/mL). Of the AMY/FLA-treated flours, the IC50 of PHS were QRB (0.52 mg/mL), QA (0.49 mg/mL), C (0.48 mg/mL) and of T (0.72 mg/mL). The results suggest the possibility of the development of modified foods with antihypertensive activity.

Keywords : Antihypertensive activity; bioactive peptides; quinoa; cañahua; tarwi; ACE; functional foods.

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