Abstract

MARQUEZ-BENAVIDEZ, Liliana et al. Response of Phaseolus vulgaris to inoculation to different dose of Trichoderma harzianum with nitrogen fertilizer reduced at 50%. J. Selva Andina Res. Soc. [online]. 2017, vol.8, n.2, pp.135-144. ISSN 2072-9294.

The production of Phaseolus vulgaris (bean) requires nitrogen fertilizer (NF) as a NH₄NO₃ (ammonium nitrate), NF in excess causes soil´s lost productivity. An ecological alternative to optimize the use NF reduced at 50% in P. vulgaris is to inoculate it with a plant growth promoting microorganisms (PGPM) as well as Trichoderma harzianum. The objective of this research was to analyze Phaseolus vulgaris´s response to T. harzianum at of NH₄NO doses reduced at 50%. In that way P. vulgaris was inoculated with T. harzianum at 3 different doses 10 g, 20 g and 30 g/ 100 g of P. vulgaris. In that sense bean was sowing in Leonard jars with 50% NF under an experimental design of random blocks: 5 treatments and 4 replicates. While t variable-variables used were: percentage (%), days of germination, phenology: plant height (SH) and root length (RL), and biomass: aereal and root fresh weight as well as dry weight (AFW / ADW) / (RFW / RDW) at seedlings, flowering and physiological maturity stages, experimental data were analyzed by ANOVA / Tukey HSD P <0.01%. The results indicate that at the germination T. harzianum caused a positive effect on time of P. vulgaris seed were able to germinate. At seedling stage of P. vulgaris with 30 g of T. harzianum/100 g of seed at NH₄NO₃ at 50% was recorded 0.14 g of higher of RWF compared to 0.08 g RDW of P. vulgaris with NH₄NO₃ at 100% or relative control (RC) at flowering stage P. vulgaris with 20 g of T. harzianum/100 g of seed NH₄NO₃ at 50% recorded 3.2 g of RDW value was statistically different to 1.4 g RDW of P. vulgaris using as a RC, at physiological maturity, P. vulgaris with 30 g of T. harzianum/100 g of seed with NH₄NO₃  at 50% recorded a fresh weight seed (FWS) of 4.2 g per seed and a dry weight seed (DWS) of 1.2 g values higher 1.9 g of FWS and 0.6 g DWS/g of P. vulgaris or RC. Results showed by the phenology and biomass indicate a positive response in P. vulgaris, due a T. harzianum which transformed seed and root exudates in plant growth promoting substances or phytohormones, for optimizing NH₄NO₃  reduced at 50% by increasing the amount of roots which improved P. vulgaris´s absortion radical to keep plant health.

Keywords : Phaseolus vulgaris; doses of inoculant; Trichoderma harzianum; nitrogen fertilizer; radical absorption; phytohormones.

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