Abstract

TAVERA-ZAVALA, Dulce Daniela; HERNANDEZ-ESCARENO, Jesús Jaime; ULIBARRI, Gérard  and  SANCHEZ-YANEZ, Juan Manuel. Inoculation of Trichoderma harzianum on Zea mays its effect on the addition of nitrogen fertilizer at 50%. J. Selva Andina Res. Soc. [online]. 2017, vol.8, n.2, pp.115-123. ISSN 2072-9294.

The crop Zea mays (maize) requires nitrogen fertilizer (NF) usually as NH₄NO₃ (ammonium nitrate), which applied in excess causes loss of productivity in soil. An alternative to reduce and optimize the dose of NF in crop Z. mays is to inoculate it with Trichoderma harzianum. The main objective was to analyze the effect of three doses of T. harzianum in Z. mays at 50% of NF. This experiment was performed in a greenhouse under an experimental design of random blocks, with 5 treatment and 5 replicates, the response variables used were: phenology: seedling height (SH) and root length (RL), and biomass: aerial and radical fresh/dry weight (AFW/ADW)/(RFW/RDW) at seedlings and flowering stage, the experimental data were analyzed by Tukey 0.05%. The results showed a positive effect of the specific density of all viable structures of T. harzianum in Z. mays since was observed 92% of seed germination, numerical value statistical difference to the 81% in Z. mays without inoculum and NF at 100% or relative control (RC). At seedling Z. mays with T. harzianum 40 g/100 g seeds registered an ADW of 0.32 g and a RDW of 0.25 g, these values were statistical different to the 0.21 g of  ADW, and 0.19 g  of RDW in Z. mays without inoculum and fed with NF at 100% or RC. The above mentioned suggests that T. harzianum transform seed and root exudates in plant growth promoting substances (PGPS), optimizing the use of NH₄NO₃ and allowing its reduction until 50% without causing a nutritional deficit on normal Z. mays growth.

Keywords : Soil; nitrogen fertilizer; Z. mays; phenology; T. harzianum; phytohormones.

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