Abstract

GABRIEL, Julio; VERAMENDI, Silene  and  ESPANA, Pablo. Molecular markers validation to drought resistance in wheat meal (Triticum aestivum L.)  under greenhouse conditions. J. Selva Andina Res. Soc. [online]. 2013, vol.4, n.1, pp.2-17. ISSN 2072-9294.

With the aim to study the genetic resistance to drought and validate molecular markers co-localized with genes/QTLs for this factor, 16 varieties were evaluated as well as advanced lines of wheat meal (Triticum aestivum) in two stages of crop development.  Physiological parameters were considered: amount of chlorophyll (clo), wilting or severity degree (SEV) and recovery (reco), morphological parameters: foliage dry matter (FDM) and root dry matter (RDM), the integrated resistance mechanisms: water use efficiency (WUE), other parameters: number of grains (Ngrain) and grain weight (Wgrain), biochemical parameters:  Catalaza (CAT), Ascorbate Peroxidase (APX) and Guaiacol Peroxidase (POX) and three microsatellite markers (Xwmc603, Xwmc596, Xwmc9).  Results showed significant differences for MSR and Ngrain.  It was observed that Anzaldo, ERR2V.L-20, EARII2V.L-5, EARIZV.L-11, ERR2V.L-11 and EE2V.L-19 were the most resistant to drough water stress.  There was a highly significant negative correlation between the MSR and Ngrain. All other variables showed low and non-significant correlations. In biochemical analyzes, the Anzaldo variety showed an increased enzymatic activity compared to controls in all cases (CAT-APX and POX), being the most resistant to water stress by drought. Finally, it was found that SSR markers (Xwmc596 and Xwmc9) are co-located with the gene / QTL of drought resistance and can be used for marker-assisted selection.

Keywords : Dry matter; chlorophyll; severity; correlation; biochemistry.

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