Abstract

NACIF, Federico. An extractivist-shaped State the politics of "sustainable mining" promoted in Latin America from 1990. Rev. de Inv. Educ. [online]. 2015, vol.8, n.3, pp.125-145. ISSN 1997-4043.

During the 90's, the transnational minning corporations relocated geographycally their strategies of exploration and explotation, escencailly towards Latin America, drived by three linked factors: 1) the rising demand of minerals (as a productive input for the industralization of southeast Asia and as a especulative value safeguard); 2) the new methods and scales of exploitation (open-pit mining); and 3) the increase on enviromental restrictions in many industrialized countries. Assesed politically, technically and financially by the World Bank, achieved to have beneficial and long-term investment regimes and to impose the institutional reforms required to implement the new methods of explotation. This is, from a new specific policy framework and the territorial and funtional organization of the State sub-divitions, to the introduction of new technologies of measurement, comunication and creation of data and the implementation of certain educational and informative tools related to the estrategies of persuation and control of social conflicts that the enviormental impacts could cause. The way in which this branch of the international capital worked politically to promote on the region an accelerated process of disspossesion can offer us some key elements to think the particular forms assumed by the Nation-States and the social, ideological and political conditions of the extractivist dependence.

Keywords : Capitalist development; mining; extractivism.

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