Abstract

BANDA-JARA, Beatriz  and  CARVAJAL-TAPIA, Aarón Eduardo.   Oral Rehydration in Neonatal Hypernatremal Dehydration. Rev Cient Cienc Méd [online]. 2017, vol.20, n.1, pp.26-30. ISSN 1817-7433.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Hypernatremic dehydration in newborns is a consequence of insufficient intake of breast milk, together with the increase of insensitive losses due to excess shelter and exposure to high ambient temperatures, occurring at the expense of the intracellular fluid with free water loss greater than of solutes. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of treatment of neonatal hypernatremic dehydration with oral rehydration salts with reduced osmolarity. Methods We performed the review and systematization of the clinical records of term infants younger than 28 days who were admitted with the diagnosis of moderate dehydration in the Servicio de Neonatología del Hospital de Especialidades Materno Infantil de la Caja Nacional de Salud , La Paz- Bolivia. In the period from August 2009 to August 2011. Results: There were 305 cases of newborns with moderate dehydration treated with oral rehydration.The clinical manifestations most frequently reported were jaundice with 271 (88,9%), oliguria 198 (64,9%), irritability 192 (62,9%), fever 180 (59,0%), somnolence 46 (15,1.%) and hypoactivity 131 (42,9%).The mean, minimum and maximum values of admission weight, egress and weight loss were: 2680 (2640 and 4000) g,2960 (1980 and 4240) g, 9 +4.03 (5-27)%. Serum sodium on admission in 273 (89,5%) patients, obtaining an average of 159mmol / L with a minimum of 151 and a maximum of 188 mmol / L. Progressive normal ization of elevated sodium was observed, with a decrease of no more than 5 mmol / L / h.Mean age at admission and hospital stay was 4 (+3.3 1) and 2 +2.07 (1-17) days. .There were no complications during treatment.There were no deaths. Conclusions Oral rehydration is well tolerated, it is an alternative of safe and effective treatment.

Keywords : Dehydration; hypernatremia; breastfeeding.

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