Abstract

VELASCO ARRIARAN, Carla Noelia  and  MALLEA CAZORLA, Judith. YOLK SAC TUMOR OF THE TESTICLE IN PEDIATRICS: PRESENTATION OF A CASE. Rev. Méd. La Paz [online]. 2022, vol.28, n.2, pp.50-56.  Epub Dec 30, 2022. ISSN 1726-8958.

Yolk sac tumors (SVT) represent the most frequent malignant testicular germ cell tumors (GCT) in the pediatric age. This neoplasm has been linked to risk factors such as cryptorchidism, family history, gonadal dysgenesis and testicular microlithiasis. They generally present as asymptomatic testicular masses, so parents or primary care physicians are often the first to identify them. SVT are characteristically producers of alpha feto protein (AFP), which is why this is considered the most important serological marker for diagnosis and follow-up after treatment. Scrotal ultrasound is considered the most important diagnostic tool for characterizing testicular masses. Yolk sac tumors generally present as solid, hypervascular masses. Most patients initially present with stage I disease, with radical orchiectomy being the only therapy required in this phase. Clinical case: A 1-year-oid and 11-month-old boy presented with a hard, painless mass in the left testicle identified by the mother. Testicular ultrasound shows a solid, homogeneous hypervascularized mass associated with inguinal and retroperitoneal lymphadenopathies. The only elevated tumor marker was Alpha-fetoprotein. A radical left orchiectomy was performed with satisfactory post-surgical evolution, the diagnosis was confirmed by pathological anatomy and immunohistochemistry; Nonseminomatous germ cell tumor of the prepubertal yolk sac.

Keywords : Testicular neoplasm; Yolk sac tumors; Ultrasonography; Doppler; Child; Alpha-fetoprotein.

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