Abstract

LUNA BARRON, Beatriz et al. FAMILY AGGREGATION FOR DIABETES MELLITUS, HYPERTESION ARTERIAL AND OBESITY IN RESIDENTS OF HIGH ALTITUDE WITH METABOLIC SÍNDROME OF LA PAZ AND EL ALTO - BOLIVIA. Rev. Méd. La Paz [online]. 2013, vol.19, n.2, pp.41-46. ISSN 1726-8958.

Introduction. The metabolic syndrome (MA) has multifactorial etiology (defined by a gene-environment interaction). It consists of high levels of blood pressure, lipid disorders, obesity and alterations in carbohydrate metabolism. Familial aggregation (FA) is a statistical indicator for qualitative traits with multifactorial etiology and guides to predisposition and / or recurrence risk of an entity in relatives of an index case. A 10-30% frequency for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in affected relatives has described (2), A 8-28% frequency for Hypertension in first grade relatives affected family hypertension (2.3) . In obesity case the probability that an individual becomes obese having 2 first-degree relatives is about 40% (3). Objectives. Determine environmental genetic interaction in the etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and obesity in relatives of patients with these diagnoses in resident population of the city of El Alto and La Paz. Methodology. We used the methodology of hybrid family conglomerates designs. The data were taken from the project "Risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome in residents of El Alto and La Paz 2009-2010"(1), including those families with two or more relatives with T2DM, hypertension or obesity. Results. Of a total of 248 cases with SM were found 47 informative pedigrees. The results show an increased risk for these diseases in the presence of one or more affected relatives compared with the general population. Discussion and conclusions. The presence of FA in these three entities is evident. Noteworthy that the frequencies increase when analyzing only 1st degree relatives (excluding 2nd and 3rd grade), this data is indicative for the genetic contribution in the etiology of the mentioned diseases and reinforces the complex etiology by suggesting that relatives of 1st degree co-inhabit the same environment and share the same eating habits and attitudes. These data confirm the genetic environmental interaction defining the multifactorial etiology of the disease studied.

Keywords : Familial aggregation; Diabetes; Hypertension; Obesity.

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