Abstract

SALAZAR, Daniela; UZQUIANO, Manuel; RIVERA, Gissel  and  VELASCO, Eliazara. Transmission mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2. RevActaNova. [online]. 2020, vol.9, n.5-6, pp.773-792. ISSN 1683-0789.

The coronavirus disease 2019 is caused through the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2, virus from the coronavirus family. The transmission mechanisms of members of the coronavirus family, the SARS-CoV of 2003 and the MERS-CoV of 2012, were widely studied due to the severity of the epidemic outbreaks caused by their contagion efficiency and by the mortality rate respectively. The spread of the COVID-19 occurs mainly by airborne transmission via inhalation of aerosols and drops, and by direct contact with contaminated objects and surfaces which contain particles of the virus. However, other probable transmission mechanisms will be analyzed in the present article. These mechanisms require further study to ensure whether they are relevant mechanisms to be considered in the epidemiological chain of SARS-CoV-2. Among these routes of transmission are considered the fecal-oral transmission, fluid transmission, and vertical or maternal-fetal. On the other hand, environmental factors could have an effect over the risk of contagion under certain conditions. However, the data regarding the interaction of the virus in the environment belong to isolated samples that still do not allow to draw conclusions on this matter.

Keywords : transmission mechanisms; coronavirus; SARS-CoV-2.

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