Resumen

GORRITTY, M.; TORRICO, T.  y  MONTENEGRO, Y.. Determinación de la tasa de emisión de CO en cocinas mejoradas a leña con chimenea mediante el modelo de caja con ventilación constante. RevActaNova. [online]. 2011, vol.5, n.1, pp.96-109. ISSN 1683-0789.

In order to assess the environmental impact and in the health due to use of improved firewood stoves in general, are used as benchmarks, the CO emissions generated by the stove [pollutant mass/time] and indoor concentrations [pollutant mass/volume] measured in the cooking environment usually for periods of 1 hour and/or 24 hours. The theoretical and practical procedures performed in this work allowed to determine the values ​​of these parameters for an improved stove model with chimney commonly used in Bolivia (Malena). The experimental tests were performed at the Stove Test Center located in La Paz city, at 3600 masl. The methodology is based on the use of a box model assuming a constant ventilation rate in the testing environment. The ​​obtained values allow the comparison with national and international standards. The resulting emission rate has a value of 0.28 ± 0.1 [gCO/min] and 0.2 ± 0.08 [gCO/min] for 1 hour and 24 hours respectively. T he average CO concentration for 1 h was 5.21 ± 0.23 [mg/m³ NC], while for 24 hours was 5.79 ± 0.44 [mg/m³ NC] under conditions of natural ventilation of the testing environment. As for the emission, the level of performance respect to the IWA/ISO standard allows for a Tier 4 where the emission should be <0.42 [gCO/min], being this the highest efficiency level of emission. On the other hand, for concentrations, there is a relative difference according to the WHO limits of 85% and 87% respect to the Act 1333 for 1h, while for 24h the relative difference is 17% compared to WHO. Additionally, the relative reduction of concentrations respect to a traditional stove is 97% for 1h.

Palabras clave : CO emissions; improved stoves; indoor air pollution.

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