Resumen

PINILLA-LIZARRAGA, R; CLAROS-BELTRAN, N  y  MAYTE-ARZE, G. Fusocellular Neoplasia - Gist tumor: Presentation of a case. Cuad. - Hosp. Clín. [online]. 2020, vol.61, n.2, pp.51-57. ISSN 1562-6776.

Abstract Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most frequent mesenchymal neoplasms of the digestive tract with a frequency of 0.1 to 3% of all gastrointestinal neoplasms. They are derived from the interstitial cells of Cajal, located along the myoenteric plexus of the intestinal wall. They include leiomysarcomas, leiomioblastomas, leimiomas, schwannomas. They are made up of spindle cells, in the majoríty, epithelioids or both. They are located predominantly in the stomach and small intestine. Immunohistochemically, KIT receptor expression (CD117 antigen) is detected, and they can be focal, variable or diffuse. They involve benign but potentially malignancy tumors up to metastatic sarcomas. Their prognosis is based on the size and percentage ofmitosis. The symptoms depend on the place of its origin. Treatment is complete resection with clean margins. In the case of preoperative metastases, this does not change the surgicai approach, due to the possibility of obstruction and bleeding. Imatinib at a dose of 400 mg controls the eventual growth of residual disease. We present the clinical case of a patient with an abdominal mass and a small bowel obstruction that progresses to perforation of a GIST located in the próxima! jejunum with a peritonitis and subphrenic abscess. Intestinal resection is performed with jejunum jejunoanastomosis and complete resection. Histopathology reports gastrointestinal stromal tumor and immunohistochemistry, Fusocellular neoplasia. Conclusión: GIST are of mesenchymal origin, they include a wide spectrum of tumors from benign to highly malignant sarcomas. Prognostic factors are associated with tumor size and mitotic índex. Immunohistochemistry reports its expression for CD117. Complete surgicai resection is the mainstay of treatment and in cases of incomplete resection or unresectability imatinib can be used.

Palabras clave : Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors; Gastrointestinal neoplasm,; GIST,; Fusocelular Neoplasm.

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