Resumen

MELGAREJO POMAR, Ingrid Gaby; TORREZ COLMENA, Lizeth  y  BALANZA ERQUICIA, Elfride. La ansiedad como factor de riesgo de tabaquismo en estudiantes de medicina de la Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, su prevalencia, incidencia y las alteraciones espiro métricas secundarias a grandes alturas (3,600 m.s.n.m.) estudio bietápico: La ansiedad como factor de riesgo de tabaquismo en estudiantes de medicina de grandes alturas. Cuad. - Hosp. Clín. [online]. 2016, vol.57, n.1, pp.31-40. ISSN 1562-6776.

Smoking is an addictive disease with high prevalence in medical students, in whom the anxiety generated by the challenging academic model is a risk factor. This is a two-phase study whose first phase objective was to determine the prevalence of smoking among high altitude (La Paz native) students of 2012 Rotatory of the Faculty of Medicine UMSA. In the second phase, the relationship anxiety/smoking was established, also the existence of alterations in respiratory function was determined and finally the degree ofnicotine dependence in incidental smokers was studied. Methodology In the first phase, smoking prevalence was determined through a descriptive investigation. In the second phase, a longitudinal cohort study was applied and anxiety was diagnosed using Hamilton Scale. Fageström test was used to determine the nicotine addiction grade and, spirometry test to evaluate lungs work. Results Smoking prevalence of 30.02% was found with 10% incidence. Cause/effect relationship between anxiety and smoking was found to be RR: 1.14, IC: 95% 0,330200 - 3,955544. Regarding addiction 75% of incidental smokers were found to be moderate addicts and 89% presented bronchial obstruction from spirometry tests. Conclusions Compare to other studies on similar groups, it also was shown that anxiety is a risk factor for smokers. The smoking prevalence and incidence among interns of the Rotatory in the UMSA Faculty of Medicine was found to be higher than the global prevalence in Bolivia and La Paz City. The smoking prevalence and incidence among interns of the Rotatory in the UMSA Faculty of Medicine was found to be higher comparing to similar groups from other universities from Latin-American and Europe. Immediate nicotine effects on lungs were found even worse in high altitudes over sea level.

Palabras clave : Smoking; anxiety; high altitude; spirometry.

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