Resumen

ANEZ VALDEZ, Arletta; SANJINES SOUX, Susana; ARCIENEGA AVENDANO, Natividad  y  NAVARRO COSTA, Dennis. Disponibilidad y uso de medicamentos antimaláricos en Bolivia. Cuad. - Hosp. Clín. [online]. 2007, vol.52, n.1, pp.26-34. ISSN 1562-6776.

RESEARCH QUESTION   How is it the availability and the use of antimalarial drugs in Bolivia?   OBJECTIVE   Evaluate the availability and the use of antimalarial drugs in endemic areas of malaria according to the national norms.   METHODS   Following the indicator pre-designed in the manual of pharmaceutical management of the malaria of the Management for Sciences Health, the availability of the antimalarial drugs was evaluated revising the registers 2004-2005 of 21 health’s establishments level I and II and 4 regional depots of the Departments of Beni, Pando y Tarija. To evaluate the use the antimalarial drugs, the same tools was used revising 780 cases of malaria of the records of treatment regulated of the malaria program of patients’ malaria with not complicated malaria assisted during the same time in the 21 establishments, and 156 attentions were interviewed 146 of them (93%), were also, this way also purchases were realized of antimaláricos in 28 drug stores deprived of the same departments.   RESULTS   The 76% (5 / 21) of the establishments are evaluated not register entry and exit of drugs, the availability of anti-malarial drugs for malaria P. vivax is 100%, malaria uncomplicated by P. falciparum 53%, malaria and pregnancy by P. falciparum 3% and severe malaria by P. falciparum 0% in health facilities while in the stores evaluated is the 90%, 25%, 25% and 38% respectively. The depots more time shortages (365 days) were to Riberalta and Guyaramerin to artesunate, clindamycin and quinina dihydrochloridre. All the cases reported in the records the 12 (94/780) reported appropriate prescribing of drugs according to the parasitic species, frequency of treatment, the patient’s age and weight and the remaining 88 do so only by the parasite species. During observation of antimalarial treatment, the percentage of patients with good prescription for malaria P. vivax and uncomplicated P. falciparum was 92% and 77% respectively, the percentage of patients and carers who understand how to take the medicine at the interview was 53% and 33% for malaria P.vivax and P. falciparum respectively. The 61% (17/28) of the drug stores visited antimalarial drugs dispensed while only 29% (5 / 17) is done according to the national treatment guidelines of malaria.   DISCUSSION   There is poor availability of antimalarial drugs in the health facilities in regional warehouses especially pair treating malaria P. falciparum in all its forms clinics. The use of drugs for malaria P. vivax is acceptable but still is not satisfied with the use of drugs to treat malaria by P. falciparum uncomplicated. There unrestricted sale of antimalarial drugs in private drug stores but it is very low percentage of the sale of medicines in accordance to the national treatment guidelines of malaria.

Palabras clave : antimalarial drugs; availability; medicine use; management drugs of the malaria.

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