Abstract

PARDO-MOLINA, Guido et al. Floristic composition of the terra firme Amazon forest of the Alto Madera sector, Bolivia. Ecología en Bolivia [online]. 2020, vol.55, n.2, pp.111-126. ISSN 1605-2528.

We describe the composition and floristic structure of the terra firme Amazon forest of the Alto Madera sector of the Centro-sureñan province (fide Navarro). Five plots of one hectare (100x100 m) were installed at an altitude of 140 to 156 m at the geographically locale 9 "55' to 10°19'S and 65°34' to 65°46'W; with all trees and lianas ≥ 10 cm diameter measured. The density is 480 (± 13) trees/ha and the diversity is greater than at other sites in Bolivia, with an average of 152 (± 8) species/ha, 105 (± 4) genera/ha and 45 (± 2) families/ha, based on the evaluation of 2398 trees and 137 vines. The structure is pyramidal or in the form of an inverted J, with a greater number of individuals in the smaller classes. In this forest, the most ecologically important species are Attalea sp. nov. (palla) and Peltogyne heterophylla (morado), followed by Euterpe precatoria (asaí), Pseudolmedia laevis (nuí peludo), Tetragastris altissima (isigo colorado), Tachigali vasquezii (palo santo colorado), Brosimum lactescens (quecho verde) y Bertholletia excelsa. In conclusion, the Alto Madera terra firme forest is the forest with the greatest tree diversity in Bolivia. However, the values are in the range of diversity of forests of similar latitudes. In addition, they have a floristic composition different from other Amazon forests of the terra firme, the dominance of the palla (Attalea sp. nov.) and the Purple Heart (Peltogyne heterophylla) among other exclusive species giving this formation a floristic and physiognomic particularity to this forest formation.

Keywords : Amazon; Forest; Diversity; Floristics; Structure.

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