Resumo

QUIROGA, Maria Paula  e  PREMOLI, Andrea C.. The role of the marginal populations in the conservation of the gene pool of the only conifer Podocarpus parlatorei from south Yungas in Argentine and Bolivia. Ecología en Bolivia [online]. 2013, vol.48, n.1, pp.4-16. ISSN 1605-2528.

The conservation of the gene pool preserves the evolutionary potential and speciation events. To develop potential plans for conservation, sustainable use, and management of the species, it is important to know the distribution patterns of genetic variants and genetic diversity. Podocarpus parlatorei (Podocarpaceae) is the only cold-tolerant native conifer listed as CITES Appendix I from the southern-most limit of the subtropical Yungas. It has a naturally fragmented distribution, covering 13° of latitude on the Eastern Cordillera. In this paper we analyze 21 populations from Argentina and Bolivia, through the entire range, with two molecular markers to detect the role of marginal populations as reservoirs of unique genetic variants and diversity. We used isozyme electrophoresis and chloroplast DNA sequences. We calculated different parameters of genetic diversity, we performed multivariate analysis using genetic distances between population pairs and of Bayesian structure. The results show that unique genetic variants for both markers exist in southern and northern populations. The distribution of genetic diversity between markers is different, being that of isozymes of southern populations the most diverse and of chloroplast DNA those at the distribution center. Some of these populations are located outside protected areas, so we suggest some populations to be considered in future conservation plans.

Palavras-chave : Montane forest; Phylogeography; Podocarpaceae; Population genetics; South America.

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