Abstract

BALSLEV, Henrik et al. Subandean and adjacent lowland palm communities in Bolivia. Ecología en Bolivia [online]. 2012, vol.47, n.1, pp.7-36. ISSN 1605-2528.

Palm community diversity and abundance was studied in the subandean zone and adjacent lowlands in 65 transects (5 x 500 m) covering 16.25 ha distributed over an area of 700 x 125 km in north-central Bolivia. A total of 38 palm species were found. The most diverse palm community was in lowland evergreen terra firme forest (28 palm species/4080 palm ind./ha, and seven growth forms), followed by the lower montane forest below 800 m elevation (19 palm species/ 2873 ind./ ha, and four growth forms) and lowland evergreen floodplain forests (17 palm species/3400 palms ind./ha, and five growth forms). The montane evergreen forests above 800 meters elevation (16 palm species/2583 palms ind./ha and three growth forms) and lowland seasonal evergreen and semideciduous forests (seven palm species/1207 palm ind./ha and five different growth forms) were the least diverse communities. Small palms were the most common growth form being represented by 18 (47%) species. Of the 38 palm species altogether, 21 (55%) were solitary, 15 (40%) were cespitose, and two (5%) were colonial. The abundant and dominant palm species, both in the canopy and in the understory, are the same as in other Amazonian forests and shared among several forest types in this study. The high species richness of the lowland evergreen terra firme forest is mostly due to a number of rare species that are lacking in other palm communities. The most abundant palm species were in general species with wide distributions shared among several palm communities suggesting that they are ecological generalists. The montane forests have their own set of palm species, such as Dictyocaryum lamarckianum, Euterpe precatoria var. longevaginata, and Geonoma undata, that separate them from other forest types.

Keywords : Palm abundance; Arecaceae; Community Structure; Growth form; Species richness.

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