Objective:

to describe the mechanis of immune response triggered by MeV.

Methods:

a systematic review of scientific literature was conducted, including immunological and clinical studies published in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, using MeSH/DeCS terms such as MeV and immune response.

Development:

MeV, whether through natural infection or vaccination, activates the immune response but also generates immunosuppressive effects and immunoamnesia. The action of innate mechanisms is highlighted: interferons, NK cells, and adaptive mechanisms: CD8+/CD4+ T lymphocytes and production of neutralizing antibodies; the induction of immunosuppression through apoptosis of memory lymphocytes, reducing protection against other infections.

Conclusion:

vaccination with attenuated strains generates robust immunity, avoiding the effects of immunosuppression and immunoamnesia, which is why the importance of maintaining high vaccination coverage to prevent the disease and its complications is highlighted.

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