Abstract

ORTEGA MARTINEZ, Rommer Alex; CACERES SANCHEZ, Liliana Alejandra  and  DE ABULARACH, Jacqueline Borda. Characterization of thrombocytopenia, leukopenia and increased hematocrit in the evolution and severity of patients with dengue diagnosis. Gac Med Bol [online]. 2021, vol.44, n.1, pp.19-28. ISSN 1012-2966.

Dengue virus (DENV) has haunted our planet for more than three centuries. The Aedes aegypti bite causes DENV. Clinical and laboratory diagnosis are important for the management of dengue. Objective: to characterize the presence of plaquetopenia, leukopenia and increased hematocrit with the evolution and severity of patients with Dengue, Hospital Univalle. Material and methods: retrospective, longitudinal and analytical study, 2017 to 2020. Results: 235 patients were identified, 83% in 2020; 65% between 19 to 45 years old; the male sex with 54%. 80% come from Cercado-Cochabamba, of these more than 95% from the southern area. The test with the detection of the NS1Ag protein (AccuBio Tech Co, Ltd.) was used in 71%; 56% were hospitalized; more than 50% presented symptoms between the 2nd and 5th day; Within the dengue classification, 75% belonged to dengue without warning signs (p = <0,01). Fever (p = 0,001), associated with symptoms of alarm such as abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, and bleeding (p = <0,05) were frequent. Leukopenia <5 000 / mm3 was common in women with warning signs, in contrast to men; thrombocytopenia in patients with warning signs and in men; hematocrit> 45% in men and represented more than 5 days of hospitalization (p = 0,023). Conclusions: Plaquetopenia, leukopenia and increased hematocrit are biomarkers of clinical severity, hospital stay, associated with an early diagnosis, using the symptoms and rapid tests available; finally, consider the presence of autochthonous patients from the southern area of Cochabamba, Cercado.

Keywords : dengue; hematocrit; leukopenia; prognosis; thrombocytopenia.

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