Abstract

CAMACHO ARNEZ, Mery. Identification of major diseases and mortality in Newborns less than 1500 g at birth. Gac Med Bol [online]. 2013, vol.36, n.2, pp.90-92. ISSN 1012-2966.

Objectives: to determine the morbidity and mortality in neonates with very low birth weight infants in Neonatal Unit of maternologico HMIGU. Methods: a prospective, descriptive study of all children born weighing between 500 and 1500 g , from 1 January to 31 Decem-ber 2011 , with follow-up from birth until hospital discharge or death. Results: 7938 births were registered, 132 of Very Low Birth Weight, with an incidence of 1.6% Mean weight 1143 + / -247 g and the mean gestational is 29.6 + / - 2.8 weeks . Prenatal interventions such as antenatal steroid use and was recorded in 38%, predominant breast pathology is premature rupture of membranes 47 %. Interventions in delivery room resuscitation bag and mask was used most often (37%). In the NICU hyaline membrane disease is the most frequently detected (57%). Mechanical ventilation was required for 69 %, neonatal sepsis were present in 31% of cases. The weight range in which we observed increased mortality is 501-750 grams. The main cause of death was sepsis (30%). The mean hospital stay was 44,3 + / - 30,12 days. Results: 7938 births were registered, 132 of Very Low Birth Weight, with an incidence of 1.6%. Weight average 1143 + / -247 g and the mean gestational is 29.6 + / - 2.8 weeks. Prenatal interventions such as antenatal steroid use and was recorded in 38%, predominant breast pathology is premature rupture of membranes (47%). Interventions in delivery room resuscitation bag and mask was used most often (37%). In the NICU hyaline membrane disease is the most frequently detected (57%). Mechanical ventilation was required for 69%, neonatal sepsis were presented in 31% of cases. The weight range in which we observed increased mortality is 501-750 grams. The main cause of death was sepsis (30%). The mean hospital stay was 44.3 + / - 30.12 days. Conclusions: the incidence of infants with very low weight is 1,6%. The most common morbidity is hyaline membrane disease with a fatality rate of 36,6%. The overall mortality of the group was 64%, with the main causes of death: neonatal sepsis, prematurity and pulmonary hemorrhage.

Keywords : newborn; low birth weight; diseases; mortality.

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